posted August 20, 2003 04:54 PM
Are you aware TFA teachers are not certified?
The Effectiveness of "Teach for America" and
Other Under-certified Teachers on Student Academic Achievement:
A Case of Harmful Public Policy1
Ildiko Laczko-Kerr
Arizona Department of Education
David C. Berliner
Arizona State University
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Teach for America
"The most familiar of the alternative certification programs is Teach for America (TFA). This ambitious program recruits graduates from top universities, provides them minimal training, and places them in public school classrooms across the nation to teach. The public schools, however, are all in either rural or poor urban districts (Darling-Hammond, 1994). Research conducted on TFA has been less than encouraging.
Four separate evaluations found that TFA's training program did not prepare candidates to succeed with students, despite the noticeable intelligence and enthusiasm of many of the recruits. Most criticism of a corps member's teaching behavior (classroom management was the greatest area of concern, followed by insufficient knowledge of the fundamentals of teaching and learning) was qualified by the cooperating teachers' perceptions of limitations of the program in providing the corps member with adequate practice or theory to be successful (Darling-Hammond, 1997a, p. 310).
From an interview study by Stevens and Dial (1993), TFA teachers apparently decide to teach because they like working with children; they didn't have other options; and they felt that TFA was their best alternative given their "circumstances and indecisiveness at the time" (p. 70).
Jonathan Schorr (1993), a former TFA teacher, describes the inadequate training and preparation that he and other TFA teachers received prior to being placed into schools. He notes, "just eight weeks of training ... is not enough for teachers" (p. 316). Schorr admits, "I was not a successful teacher, and the loss to the students was real and large" (p. 318). Schorr offers the first-hand experience that makes Darling-Hammond (1994; 1997a; 2001) quite critical of TFA, specifically due to the program's limited training of candidates, lack of evaluation, and the fact that such a program perpetuates the placement of poorly trained teachers with the most needy students in the nation.
Raymond, Fletcher, and Luque (2001) conducting research for the Center for Research in Education Outcomes (CREDO), released a report evaluating the Teach for American program in Texas. The report compares scores on the Texas Assessment of Academic Skills (TAAS) of students taught by TFA teachers and non-TFA teachers, and lauded the performance of TFA teachers. However, the National Commission on Teaching and America's Future released a response outlining serious concerns with the research (see Darling-Hammond, 2001 and 2002). The most important of the criticisms is that the performance of the TFA teachers was never compared to the performance of regularly certified teachers. The comparison used to assess the TFA teachers was other uncertified teachers, some of whom didn't even have four-year college degrees.
It should also be noted that when we tried to access the data for this report, we were informed from both the primary researcher and the Texas school district responsible for the data that it was not available for independent review. We were told that the data was not the property of the researchers who reported the study, nor did it belong to the district, and that neither had a complete data set to provide for independent analysis. In our opinion, therefore, it is appropriate to regard this report as irrelevant, given that the comparison used to assess TFA teachers was faulty, the data are not available for verification or replication by other scientists, and the report has not been published in a peer-reviewed journal."
http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v10n37/