posted December 18, 2023 08:17 PM
It's been a long time since this was explained to me (and she's dead now so I can't get her to refresh me on it--she had a physics degree), but the sun is on some orbital path that carries it closer to the center of the galaxy (at least where there are a lot more stars), and it does seem to coincide with mass extinction events, probably because of all the radiation (enough to burn away the ozone which would take centuries to recover from, and that's AFTER leaving the extinction zone), though who knows what high gravity objects (that can affect volcanoes and earthquakes as much as tides) we pass?It would be a time that humanity would not be able to survive on Earth without the technology to survive an unstable world hostile to life, though given that the natural environmental changes that occur all the time anyway (the reason there are whale bones found in the Sahara is because it cycles between lush jungles and water to sandy desert, over and over again, and human ruins from before recorded history--possibly not human ancestors--have been uncovered there which also suggested it was along a river as many ancient villages were), humanity is unlikely to survive see such an event anyway (unless we're interstellar by that point).
This is regardless of any man-made environmental change, the Earth changes on its own, sometimes with no polar ice caps, other times a frozen ball of ice, all before humanity, and it will continue to change like that. I've been told that people who focus their study on the geophysics of Earth actually suffer from existential dread more than those who focus on astronomy.
Our planet also has records (that is fossils, geological signs, etc) of solar storms that make the Carrington Event (which caused telegraph lines to burst into flames) look like a gentle rain in comparison, and even another Carrington Event (one that missed the Earth by 2 days in 2012) which would bring our technological civilization to its knees (though I've heard a brilliant idea for preventing that, but humans are too short sighted to do that), and that will happen a great many times before we're in the actual extinction zone.
But imagine the night sky there filled with stars like miniature suns! (At least so bright that one could read in starlight.) It must inspire awe if humans were able to see it. (Others have said that things we don't see might then be visible, and that other celestial events we know nothing about may have been visible on Earth millions of years ago that we know nothing about, and may never know about it).
In my understanding of astronomy (which gets redefined--and that's not a bad thing, though not every redefinition is a good or correct thing--on a regular basis in some way or another, so maybe this has changed), I don't think binary stars work that way. But as the sun does have an "orbit" through the galaxy that takes tens of millions of years to get through, it probably does play off other stars (though how many are still around?)