posted February 24, 2011 06:36 PM            

In 2004, history professor Naomi Oreskes performed a survey of research papers on climate change. Examining peer-reviewed papers published on the ISI Web of Science database from 1993 to 2003, she found a majority supported the "consensus view," defined as humans were having at least some effect on global climate change. Oreskes' work has been repeatedly cited, but as some of its data is now nearly 15 years old, its conclusions are becoming somewhat dated.

Medical researcher Dr. Klaus-Martin Schulte recently updated this research. Using the same database and search terms as Oreskes, he examined all papers published from 2004 to February 2007. The results have been submitted to the journal Energy and Environment, of which DailyTech has obtained a pre-publication copy. The figures are surprising.

Of 528 total papers on climate change, only 38 (7%) gave an explicit endorsement of the consensus. If one considers "implicit" endorsement (accepting the consensus without explicit statement), the figure rises to 45%. However, while only 32 papers (6%) reject the consensus outright, the largest category (48%) are neutral papers, refusing to either accept or reject the hypothesis. This is no "consensus."

The figures are even more shocking when one remembers the watered-down definition of consensus here. Not only does it not require supporting that man is the "primary" cause of warming, but it doesn't require any belief or support for "catastrophic" global warming. In fact of all papers published in this period (2004 to February 2007), only a single one makes any reference to climate change leading to catastrophic results.

These changing viewpoints represent the advances in climate science over the past decade. While today we are even more certain the earth is warming, we are less certain about the root causes. More importantly, research has shown us that -- whatever the cause may be -- the amount of warming is unlikely to cause any great calamity for mankind or the planet itself.

Schulte's survey contradicts the United Nation IPCC's Fourth Assessment Report (2007), which gave a figure of "90% likely" man was having an impact on world temperatures. But does the IPCC represent a consensus view of world scientists? Despite media claims of "thousands of scientists" involved in the report, the actual text is written by a much smaller number of "lead authors." The introductory "Summary for Policymakers" -- the only portion usually quoted in the media -- is written not by scientists at all, but by politicians, and approved, word-by-word, by political representatives from member nations. By IPCC policy, the individual report chapters -- the only text actually written by scientists -- are edited to "ensure compliance" with the summary, which is typically published months before the actual report itself.

By contrast, the ISI Web of Science database covers 8,700 journals and publications, including every leading scientific journal in the world.

posted February 24, 2011 09:29 PM            

During the initial discovery period of global climate change, the magnitude of the influence of the Sun on Earth's climate was not well understood. Since the early 1990s, however, extensive research was put into determining what role, if any, the Sun has in global warming or climate change.

A recent review paper, put together by both solar and climate scientists, details these studies: Solar Influences on Climate (from 2010 -AG). Their bottom line: though the Sun may play some small role, "it is nevertheless much smaller than the estimated radiative forcing due to anthropogenic changes." That is, human activities are the primary factor in global climate change.

Solar irradiance changes have been measured reliably by satellites for only 30 years. These precise observations show changes of a few tenths of a percent that depend on the level of activity in the 11-year solar cycle. Changes over longer periods must be inferred from other sources. Estimates of earlier variations are important for calibrating the climate models. While a component of recent global climate change may have been caused by the increased solar activity of the last solar cycle, that component was very small compared to the effects of additional greenhouse gases. According to a NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) press release, "...the solar increases do not have the ability to cause large global temperature increases...greenhouse gases are indeed playing the dominant role..." The effects of global climate change are apparent (see section below) despite the fact that the Sun is once again less bright during the present solar minimum. Since the last solar minimum of 1996, the Sun's brightness has decreased by 0.02% at visible wavelengths, and 6% at extreme UV wavelengths, representing a 12-year low in solar irradiance, according to this NASA news article (April 1, 2009). Also, be sure to read this more recent article: 2009: Second Warmest Year on Record; End of Warmest Decade.

posted February 24, 2011 10:03 PM            

From DailyTech, we have still more evidence that any warming occurring on planet earth is coming from natural sources and is cyclic in nature�NOT from the evil capitalism that Al Gore, the UN politicians at the IPCC and other socialists love to blame.

From the article:

Now, a new research report from a surprising source may help to lay this skepticism to rest. A study from NASA�s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland looking at climate data over the past century has concluded that solar variation has made a significant impact on the Earth�s climate. The report concludes that evidence for climate changes based on solar radiation can be traced back as far as the Industrial Revolution.

Past research has shown that the sun goes through eleven year cycles. At the cycle�s peak, solar activity occurring near sunspots is particularly intense, basking the Earth in solar heat. According to Robert Cahalan, a climatologist at the Goddard Space Flight Center, �Right now, we are in between major ice ages, in a period that has been called the Holocene.�

If our media, culture and a large portion of the �scientific� community were really honest, it would be the worshippers of the religion of anthropogenic global warming who are called �skeptics,� wouldn�t it?

Because it is those pushing this silly theory that our puny SUVs and power plants are causing earth to warm up when the most obvious source of heat hangs over their head every single day.

AGW simply doesn�t pass the smell test. Nor does it line up with the objective data.

As this graph shows, solar activity has been cyclic in nature going back hundreds of years. Solar activity is also increasing, and we are coming out of the �Little Ice Age� of just a few hundred years ago. Of course the planet is warming�we�re coming out of a cold spell! The Maunder Minimum period of diminished solar activity coincided with the Little Ice Age when Europe and North America experienced bitterly cold winters.

About 1,000 years ago, Greenland was warm enough for the Vikings to colonize and grow vineyards. Today Greenland is almost entirely covered in ice. Tell me: is the earth warmer today than it was 1,000 years ago? Did they have SUVs and coal power plants in the days of the Vikings? This isn�t tough to figure out, people.

The only thing tough about the global warming debate is trying to get the facts to match the socialist agenda of the AGW proponents. Try as they might, they just can�t do it, and more and more people are starting to see that.

Things like cyclic solar data, warming occurring on other planets such as Mars and Jupiter just don�t line up with the suppositions of the AGW worshippers. They craft all manner of complex calculations and �what ifs,� but in the end the best they can do is say things like, �Well, we can�t prove it now, but by the time we can, it�ll be too late.�

And we�re supposed to watch our electric bills go up 40% and see our economy devastated on what-ifs and a bunch of garbage that not only doesn�t match the evidence but doesn�t even pass the smell test?

posted February 24, 2011 10:10 PM            

Written By: Peter Risdon
Published In: Environment & Climate News > August 2008
Publication date: 08/01/2008
Publisher: The Heartland Institute

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Despite what many global warming alarmists assert in the media, there are many articles in the world's leading science publications contradicting the assertion that "the debate is over" about global warming. These articles destroy the illusion that there is a "consensus" among scientists about the causes of global warming. The following is the second of a three-part list of many such articles. Compiled by Peter Risdon.

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'Hockey Stick'

Proxy climatic and environmental changes of the past 1000 years (Climate Research, vol. 23, 89�110, January 2003) - Willie Soon, Sallie Baliunas

Corrections to the Mann et al. (1998) Proxy Data Base and Northern Hemisphere Average Temperature Series (Energy & Environment, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 751-771, November 2003) - Stephen McIntyre, Ross McKitrick

The M&M Critique of the MBH98 Northern Hemisphere Climate Index: Update and Implications (Energy & Environment, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 69-100, January 2005) - Stephen McIntyre, Ross McKitrick

Hockey sticks, principal components, and spurious significance (Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 32, February 2005) - Stephen McIntyre, Ross McKitrick

Reply to comment by Huybers on "Hockey sticks, principal components, and spurious significance" (Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 32, October 2005) - Stephen McIntyre, Ross McKitrick

Reply to comment by von Storch and Zorita on "Hockey sticks, principal components, and spurious significance" (Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 32, October 2005) - Stephen McIntyre, Ross McKitrick

Highly variable Northern Hemisphere temperatures reconstructed from low- and high-resolution proxy data (Nature 433, 613-617, February 2005) - Anders Moberg, Dmitry M. Sonechkin, Karin Holmgren, Nina M. Datsenko and Wibj�rn Karl�n

Comment on "The Spatial Extent of 20th-Century Warmth in the Context of the Past 1200 Years" (Science, vol. 316. no. 5833, p. 1844, June 2007) - Gerd B�rger

A 2000-year global temperature reconstruction based on non-treering proxies (Energy & Environment, vol. 18, nos. 7-8, pp. 1049-1058, December 2007) - C. Loehle

Hurricanes

Can We Detect Trends in Extreme Tropical Cyclones? (Science, vol. 313. no. 5786, pp. 452 - 454, 28 July 2006) - Christopher W. Landsea, Bruce A. Harper, Karl Hoarau, John A. Knaff

Causes of the Unusually Destructive 2004 Atlantic Basin Hurricane Season (Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, vol. 87, issue 10, October 2006) - Philip J. Klotzbach, William M. Gray

Comments on "Impacts of CO2-Induced Warming on Simulated Hurricane Intensity and Precipitation: Sensitivity to the Choice of Climate Model and Convective Scheme" (Journal of Climate, vol. 18, issue 23, December 2005) - Patrick J. Michaels, Paul C. Knappenberger, Christopher Landsea

Counting Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Back to 1900 (Transactions of the American Geophysical Union, vol. 88, no. 18, p. 197, 2007) - Christopher W. Landsea

Hurricanes and Global Warming (Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, vol. 86, issue 11, November 2005) - R. A. Pielke Jr., C. Landsea, M. Mayfield, J. Laver, and R. Pasch

Are there trends in hurricane destruction? (Nature 438, E11, 22 December 2005) - Roger A. Pielke, Jr.

Sea-surface temperatures and tropical cyclones in the Atlantic basin (Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 22, no. 33, L09708, 2006) - Patrick J. Michaels, Paul C. Knappenberger, Robert E. Davis

Tropical Cyclones and Global Climate Change: A Post-IPCC Assessment (Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, vol. 79, issue 1, January 1998) - A. Henderson-Sellers, H. Zhang, G. Berz, K. Emanuel, W. Gray, C. Landsea, G. Holland, J. Lighthill, S.-L. Shieh, P. Webster, K. McGuffie

Kyoto

Time to ditch Kyoto (Nature 449, 973-975, 25 October 2007) - Gwyn Prins, Steve Rayner

Medieval Warm Period/Little Ice Age

A 700 year record of Southern Hemisphere extratropical climate variability (Annals of Glaciology, vol. 39, p.127-132, 2004) - P.A Mayewski, K. Maasch, J.W.C White, E.J. Steig, E. Meyerson, I. Goodwin, V.I. Morgan, T. van Ommen, M.A.J. Curran, J. Sourney, K. Kreutz

Coherent High- and Low-Latitude Climate Variability During the Holocene Warm Period (Science, vol. 288. no. 5474, pp. 2198 - 2202, 23 June 2000) - Peter deMenocal, Joseph Ortiz, Tom Guilderson, Michael Sarnthein

Evidence for a 'Medieval Warm Period' in a 1,100 year tree-ring reconstruction of past austral summer temperatures in New Zealand (Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 29, no. 14, pp. 12-1 to 12-4. 15 July 2002) - E. R. Cook, J. G. Palmer, R. D'Arrigo

Evidence for the existence of the medieval warm period in China (Climatic Change, vol. 26, nos. 2-3, March, 1994) - De'Er Zhang

Glacial geological evidence for the medieval warm period (Climatic Change, vol. 26, nos. 2-3, March, 1994) - Jean M. Grove, Roy Switsur

Late Holocene surface ocean conditions of the Norwegian Sea (V�ring Plateau) (Paleooceanography, vol. 18, no. 2, 1044, 2003) - Carin Andersson, Bj�rg Risebrobakken, Eystein Jansen, Svein Olaf Dahl

Low-Frequency Signals in Long Tree-Ring Chronologies for Reconstructing Past Temperature Variability (Science, vol. 295. no. 5563, pp. 2250 - 2253, 22 March 2002) - Jan Esper, Edward R. Cook, Fritz H. Schweingruber

Medieval climate warming and aridity as indicated by multiproxy evidence from the Kola Peninsula, Russia (Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol. 209, issues 1-4, pp. 113-125, 6 July 2004) - K. V. Kremenetski, T. Boettger, G. M. MacDonald, T. Vaschalova, L. Sulerzhitsky, A. Hiller

Medieval Warm Period, Little Ice Age and 20th century temperature variability from Chesapeake Bay (Global and Planetary Change, vol. 36, issues 1-2, March 2003, Pages 17-29) - T. M. Cronin, G. S. Dwyer, T. Kamiya, S. Schwede, D. A. Willard

The Little Ice Age and Medieval Warm Period in the Sargasso Sea (Science, vol. 274. no. 5292, pp. 1503 - 1508, 29 November 1996) - Lloyd D. Keigwin

The Little Ice Age and Medieval Warming in South Africa (South African Journal of Science 96: 121-126, 2000) - P. D. Tyson, W. Karl�n, K. Holmgren and G. A. Heiss

The 'Mediaeval Warm Period' drought recorded in Lake Huguangyan, tropical South China (Holocene, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 511-516, 2002) - Guoqiang Chu, Jiaqi Liu, Qing Sun, Houyuan Lu, Zhaoyan Gu, Wenyuan Wang, Tungsheng Liu

The Medieval Warm Period in the Daihai Area (Journal of Lake Sciences, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 209-216, September 2002) - Z. Jin, J. Shen, S. Wang, E. Zhang

Tornetr�sk tree-ring width and density ad 500�2004: a test of climatic sensitivity and a new 1500-year reconstruction of north Fennoscandian summers (Climate Dynamics, January, 2008) - H�kan Grudd

Tree-ring and glacial evidence for the medieval warm epoch and the little ice age in southern South America (Climatic Change, vol. 26, nos. 2-3, March, 1994) - Ricardo Villalba

Polar Bears

Polar bears of western Hudson Bay and climate change: Are warming spring air temperatures the "ultimate" survival control factor? (Ecological Complexity, vol. 4, issue 3, pp. 73-84, September 2007) - M.G. Dyck, W. Soon, R.K. Baydack, D.R. Legates, S. Baliunas, T.F. Ball, L.O. Hancock

Sea Level

Estimating future sea level changes from past records (Global and Planetary Change, vol. 40, issues 1-2, pp. 49-54, January 2004) - Nils-Axel M�rner

New perspectives for the future of the Maldives (Global and Planetary Change, vol. 40, issue 1-2, pp. 177-182. 2004) - Nils-Axel M�rner, Michael Tooley, Goran Possnert

Snowfall-Driven Growth in East Antarctic Ice Sheet Mitigates Recent Sea-Level Rise (Science, vol. 308. no. 5730, pp. 1898 - 1901, 24 June 2005) - Curt H. Davis, Yonghong Li, Joseph R. McConnell, Markus M. Frey, Edward Hanna

Solar Influence on Climate (Part I)

A mechanism for sun-climate connection (Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 32, 2005) - Sultan Hameed, Jae N. Lee

A Millennium Scale Sunspot Reconstruction: Evidence for an Unusually Active Sun Since the 1940s (Physical Review Letters 91, 2003) - Ilya G. Usoskin, Sami K. Solanki, Manfred Sch�ssler, Kalevi Mursula, Katja Alanko

Celestial Climate Driver: A Perspective from Four Billion Years of the Carbon Cycle (Geoscience Canada, vol. 32, no. 1, March 2005) - J�n Veizer

Celestial driver of Phanerozoic climate? (Geological Society of America Today, vol. 13, issue 7, July 2003) - Nir J. Shaviv, J�n Veizer

Climate Change: The Sun's Role (arXiv:0706.3621, 23 Jun 2007) - Gerald E. Marsh

Comparison of proxy records of climate change and solar forcing (Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 23, issue 4, pp. 359-362, 02/1996) - Crowley, Thomas J., Kim, Kwang-Yul

Evidence of Solar Variation in Tree-Ring-Based Climate Reconstructions (Solar Physics, vol. 205, no. 2, pp. 403-417, February 2002) - M.G. Ogurtsov , G.E. Kocharov, M. Lindholm, J. Meril�inen, M. Eronen, Yu.A. Nagovitsyn

Geophysical, archaeological, and historical evidence support a solar-output model for climate change (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 97, no. 23, 12433-12438, November 7, 2000) - Charles A. Perry, Kenneth J. Hsu

Has solar variability caused climate change that affected human culture? (Advances in Space Research, vol. 40, issue 7, Pages 1173-1180, 2007) - Joan Feynmana

Imprint of Galactic dynamics on Earth's climate (Astronomische Nachrichten, vol. 327, issue 9, Pages 866 - 870, 10 Oct 2006) - H. Svensmark

Is solar variability reflected in the Nile River? (Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 111, D21114, 2006) - Alexander Ruzmaikin, Joan Feynman, Yuk L. Yung

Length of the Solar Cycle: An Indicator of Solar Activity Closely Associated with Climate (Science, vol. 254. no. 5032, pp. 698 - 700, November 1991) - E. Friis-Christensen, K. Lassen

Linkages between solar activity, climate predictability and water resource development (Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering, vol. 49 no. 2, pp. 32�44, June 2007) - W J R Alexander, F Bailey, D B Bredenkamp, A van der Merwe, N Willemse

Long-Period Cycles of the Sun's Activity Recorded in Direct Solar Data and Proxies (Solar Physics, vol. 211, nos. 1-2, December, 2002) - M.G. Ogurtsov, Yu.A. Nagovitsyn, G.E. Kocharov, H. Jungner

Orbital Controls on the El Ni�o/Southern Oscillation and the Tropical Climate (Paleoceanogrpahy, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 441�456, 1999) - A. C. Clement, R. Seager, M. A. Cane

Palaeoenvironmental evidence for solar forcing of Holocene climate: linkages to solar science (Progress in Physical Geography, vol. 23, no. 2, 181-204, 1999) - Frank M. Chambers, Michael I. Ogle, Jeffrey J. Blackford

Persistent Solar Influence on North Atlantic Climate During the Holocene (Science, vol. 294. no. 5549, pp. 2130 - 2136, 7 December 2001) - Gerard Bond, Bernd Kromer, Juerg Beer, Raimund Muscheler, Michael N. Evans, William Showers, Sharon Hoffmann, Rusty Lotti-Bond, Irka Hajdas, Georges Bonani

Phenomenological solar contribution to the 1900�2000 global surface warming (Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 33, L05708, 2006) - N. Scafetta, B. J. West

Phenomenological solar signature in 400 years of reconstructed Northern Hemisphere temperature record (Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 33, L17718, 2006) - N. Scafetta, B. J. West

Possible solar forcing of century-scale drought frequency in the northern Great Plains (Geology, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 263-266, Mar 1999) - Zicheng Yu, Emi Ito

Reply to Lockwood and Fr�hlich � The persistent role of the Sun in climate forcing (Danish National Space Center Scientific Report, 3/2007) - H. Svensmark, E.Friis-Christensen

posted February 24, 2011 10:17 PM            

Posted By Marc Morano � Marc_Morano@EPW.Senate.Gov � 4:44 PM ET

Washington DC � An abundance of new peer-reviewed studies, analyses, and data error discoveries in the last several months has prompted scientists to declare that fear of catastrophic man-made global warming �bites the dust� and the scientific underpinnings for alarm may be �falling apart.� The latest study to cast doubt on climate fears finds that even a doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide would not have the previously predicted dire impacts on global temperatures. This new study is not unique, as a host of recent peer-reviewed studies have cast a chill on global warming fears.

�Anthropogenic (man-made) global warming bites the dust,� declared astronomer Dr. Ian Wilson after reviewing the new study which has been accepted for publication in the Journal of Geophysical Research. Another scientist said the peer-reviewed study overturned �in one fell swoop� the climate fears promoted by the UN and former Vice President Al Gore. The study entitled �Heat Capacity, Time Constant, and Sensitivity of Earth�s Climate System,� was authored by Brookhaven National Lab scientist Stephen Schwartz. (LINK)

�Effectively, this (new study) means that the global economy will spend trillions of dollars trying to avoid a warming of ~ 1.0 K by 2100 A.D.� Dr. Wilson wrote in a note to the Senate Environment & Public Works Committee on August 19, 2007. Wilson, a former operations astronomer at the Hubble Space Telescope Institute in Baltimore MD, was referring to the trillions of dollars that would be spent under such international global warming treaties like the Kyoto Protocol.

�Previously, I have indicated that the widely accepted values for temperature increase associated with a doubling of CO2 were far too high i.e. 2 � 4.5 Kelvin. This new peer-reviewed paper claims a value of 1.1 +/- 0.5 K increase for a doubling of CO2,� he added.

Climate fears reduced to �children�s games�

Other scientists are echoing Wilson�s analysis. Former Harvard physicist Dr. Lubos Motl said the new study has reduced proponents of man-made climate fears to �playing the children�s game to scare each other.�

�Recall that most of the 1.1 degree - about 0.7 degrees - has already occurred since the beginning of the industrial era. This fact itself is an indication that the climate sensitivity is unlikely to be much greater than 1 Celsius degree: the effect of most of the doubling has already been made and it led to 0.7 K of warming,� Motl wrote in an August 17, 2007 blog post. (LINK)

�By the end of the (CO2) doubling i.e. 560 ppm (parts per million) expected slightly before (the year) 2100 -- assuming a business-as-usual continued growth of CO2 that has been linear for some time -- Schwartz and others would expect 0.4 C of extra warming only - a typical fluctuation that occurs within four months and certainly nothing that the politicians should pay attention to,� Motl explained.

�As far as I can say, all the people who end up with 2 or even 3 Celsius degrees for the climate sensitivity are just playing the children's game to scare each other, as [MIT climate scientist] Richard Lindzen says, by making artificial biased assumptions about positive feedbacks. There is no reasonable, balanced, and self-consistent work that would lead to such a relatively high sensitivity,� Motl concluded.

Overturning IPCC consensus �in one fell swoop�

The new study was also touted as �overturning the UN IPCC 'consensus� in one fell swoop� by the American Enterprise Institute�s (AEI) Joel Schwartz in an August 17, 2007 blog post. (LINK)

�New research from Stephen Schwartz of Brookhaven National Lab concludes that the Earth�s climate is only about one-third as sensitive to carbon dioxide as the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) assumes,� wrote AEI�s Schwartz, who hold a master�s degree in planetary science from the California Institute of Technology.

The study�s �result is 63% lower than the IPCC�s estimate of 3 degrees C for a doubling of CO2 (2.0�4.5 degrees C, 2SD range). Right now we�re about 41% above the estimated pre-industrial CO2 level of 270 ppm. At the current rate of increase of about 0.55% per year, CO2 will double around 2070. Based on Schwartz�s results, we should expect about a 0.6 degrees C additional increase in temperature between now and 2070 due to this additional CO2. That doesn�t seem particularly alarming,� AEI�s Schwartz explained.

�In other words, there�s hardly any additional warming �in the pipeline� from previous greenhouse gas emissions. This is in contrast to the IPCC, which predicts that the Earth�s average temperature will rise an additional 0.6 degrees C during the 21st Century even if greenhouse gas concentrations stopped increasing,� he added.

�Along with dozens of other studies in the scientific literature, [this] new study belies Al Gore�s claim that there is no legitimate scholarly alternative to climate catastrophism. Indeed, if Schwartz�s results are correct, that alone would be enough to overturn in one fell swoop the IPCC�s scientific �consensus�, the environmentalists� climate hysteria, and the political pretext for the energy-restriction policies that have become so popular with the world�s environmental regulators, elected officials, and corporations. The question is, will anyone in the mainstream media notice?� AEI�s Schwartz concluded.

UK officially admits: Global warming has stopped!

Recent scientific studies may make 2007 go down in history as the "tipping point" of man-made global warming fears. A progression of peer-reviewed studies have been published which serve to debunk the United Nations, former Vice President Al Gore, and the media engineered �consensus� on climate change.

Paleoclimate scientist Bob Carter, who has testified before the U.S. Senate Committee on Environment & Public Works (LINK), noted in a June 18, 2007 essay that global warming has stopped.

�The accepted global average temperature statistics used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change show that no ground-based warming has occurred since 1998. Oddly, this eight-year-long temperature stasis has occurred despite an increase over the same period of 15 parts per million (or 4 per cent) in atmospheric CO2. Second, lower atmosphere satellite-based temperature measurements, if corrected for non-greenhouse influences such as El Nino events and large volcanic eruptions, show little if any global warming since 1979, a period over which atmospheric CO2 has increased by 55 ppm (17 %),� (LINK)

In August 2007, the UK Met Office was finally forced to concede the obvious: global warming has stopped. (LINK) The UK Met Office acknowledged the flat lining of global temperatures, but in an apparent attempt to keep stoking man-made climate alarm, the Met Office is now promoting more unproven dire computer model projections of the future. They now claim climate computer models predict �global warming will begin in earnest in 2009� because greenhouse emissions will then overtake natural climate variability.

Southern Hemisphere is COOLING

UN scientist Dr. Madhav L. Khandekar, a retired Environment Canada scientist and an expert IPCC reviewer in 2007, explained on August 6, 2007 that the Southern Hemisphere is cooling. �In the Southern Hemisphere, the land-area mean temperature has slowly but surely declined in the last few years. The city of Buenos Aires in Argentina received several centimeters of snowfall in early July, and the last time it snowed in Buenos Aires was in 1918! Most of Australia experienced one of its coldest months of June this year. Several other locations in the Southern Hemisphere have experienced lower temperatures in the last few years. Further, the sea surface temperatures over world oceans are slowly declining since mid-1998, according to a recent world-wide analysis of ocean surface temperatures," Dr. Khandekar explained. (LINK)

Meteorologist Joseph Conklin, who launched the skeptical website www.ClimatePolice.com in 2007, recently declared the �global warming movement [is] falling apart.�

�A few months ago, a study came out that demonstrated global temperatures have leveled off. But instead of possibly admitting that this whole global warming thing is a farce, a group of British scientists concluded that the real global warming won�t start until 2009,� Conklin wrote in an August 10, 2007 blog post on his website. (LINK)

Climate models made by unlicensed 'software engineers'

But the credibility of these computer model predictions took a significant hit in June 2007 when Dr. Jim Renwick, a top UN IPCC scientist, admitted that climate models do not account for half the variability in nature and thus are not reliable. "Half of the variability in the climate system is not predictable, so we don�t expect to do terrifically well," Renwick conceded. (LINK)

Another high-profile UN IPCC lead author, Dr. Kevin Trenberth, recently echoed Renwick�s sentiments about climate models by referring to them as �story lines.�

�In fact there are no predictions by IPCC at all. And there never have been. The IPCC instead proffers �what if� projections of future climate that correspond to certain emissions scenarios,� Trenberth wrote in journal Nature�s blog on June 4, 2007. He also admitted that the climate models have major shortcomings because �they do not consider many things like the recovery of the ozone layer, for instance, or observed trends in forcing agents. There is no estimate, even probabilistically, as to the likelihood of any emissions scenario and no best guess." (LINK)

IPCC reviewer and climate researcher Dr Vincent Gray, of New Zealand, an expert reviewer on every single draft of the IPCC reports going back to 1990 and author of The Greenhouse Delusion: A Critique of "Climate Change 2001," declared �The claims of the IPCC are dangerous unscientific nonsense� in an April 10, 2007 article. (LINK)

�All [UN IPCC does] is make �projections� and �estimates�. No climate model has ever been properly tested, which is what �validation� means, and their �projections� are nothing more than the opinions of �experts� with a conflict of interest, because they are paid to produce the models. There is no actual scientific evidence for all these �projections� and �estimates,'� Gray noted.

In addtion, meteorologist Dr. Hendrik Tennekes, a scientific pioneer in the development of numerical weather prediction and former director of research at The Netherlands' Royal National Meteorological Institute, recently compared scientists who promote computer models predicting future climate doom to unlicensed �software engineers."

"I am of the opinion that most scientists engaged in the design, development, and tuning of climate models are in fact software engineers. They are unlicensed, hence unqualified to sell their products to society," Tennekes wrote on February 28, 2007. (LINK)

Sampling of very recent inconvenient scientific developments for proponents of catastrophic man-made global warming:

1) New peer-reviewed study finds global warming over last century linked to natural causes: Published in Geophysical Research Letters: Excerpt: �Tsonis et al. investigate the collective behavior of known climate cycles such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, the North Atlantic Oscillation, the El Nino/Southern Oscillation, and the North Pacific Oscillation. By studying the last 100 years of these cycles' patterns, they find that the systems synchronized several times. Further, in cases where the synchronous state was followed by an increase in the coupling strength among the cycles, the synchronous state was destroyed. Then a new climate state emerged, associated with global temperature changes and El Nino/Southern Oscillation variability. The authors show that this mechanism explains all global temperature tendency changes and El Nino variability in the 20th century. Authors: Anastasios A. Tsonis, Kyle Swanson, and Sergey Kravtsov: Atmospheric Sciences Group, Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.A. See August 2, 2007 Science Daily � �Synchronized Chaos: Mechanisms For Major Climate Shifts� (LINK)

2) Belgian weather institute�s (RMI) August 2007 study dismisses decisive role of CO2 in warming: Excerpt: "Brussels: CO2 is not the big bogeyman of climate change and global warming. This is the conclusion of a comprehensive scientific study done by the Royal Meteorological Institute, which will be published this summer. The study does not state that CO2 plays no role in warming the earth. "But it can never play the decisive role that is currently attributed to it", climate scientist Luc Debontridder said. "Not CO2, but water vapor is the most important greenhouse gas. It is responsible for at least 75 % of the greenhouse effect. This is a simple scientific fact, but Al Gore's movie has hyped CO2 so much that nobody seems to take note of it." said Debontridder. "Every change in weather conditions is blamed on CO2. But the warm winters of the last few years (in Belgium) are simply due to the 'North-Atlantic Oscillation'. And this has absolutely nothing to do with CO2," he added. (LINK)

3) Updated: September 27, 2007: New peer-reviewed study counters global warming theory, finds carbon dioxide did not end the last Ice Age. Excerpt: Deep-sea temperatures rose 1,300 years before atmospheric CO2, ruling out the greenhouse gas as driver of meltdown, says study in Science. Carbon dioxide did not cause the end of the last ice age, a new study in Science suggests, contrary to past inferences from ice core records. �There has been this continual reference to the correspondence between CO2 and climate change as reflected in ice core records as justification for the role of CO2 in climate change,� said USC geologist Lowell Stott, lead author of the study, slated for advance online publication Sept. 27 in Science Express. �You can no longer argue that CO2 alone caused the end of the ice ages.� Deep-sea temperatures warmed about 1,300 years before the tropical surface ocean and well before the rise in atmospheric CO2, the study found. The finding suggests the rise in greenhouse gas was likely a result of warming and may have accelerated the meltdown � but was not its main cause. < > �The climate dynamic is much more complex than simply saying that CO2 rises and the temperature warms,� Stott said. The complexities �have to be understood in order to appreciate how the climate system has changed in the past and how it will change in the future.� (LINK)

4) New peer-reviewed study finds clouds may greatly reduce global warming: Excerpt: This study published on August 9, 2007 in the Geophysical Research Letters finds that climate models fail test against real clouds. "To give an idea of how strong this enhanced cooling mechanism is, if it was operating on global warming, it would reduce estimates of future warming by over 75 percent," Dr. Roy Spencer said. "At least 80 percent of the Earth's natural greenhouse effect is due to water vapor and clouds, and those are largely under the control of precipitation systems. Until we understand how precipitation systems change with warming, I don't believe we can know how much of our current warming is manmade. Without that knowledge, we can't predict future climate change with any degree of certainty," Spencer added. The paper was co-authored by University of Alabama Huntsville's Dr. John R. Christy and Dr. W. Danny Braswell, and Dr. Justin Hnilo of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA. (LINK)

5) New peer-reviewed study finds that the solar system regulates the earth�s climate - The paper, authored by Richard Mackey, was published August 17, 2007 in the Journal of Coastal Research - Excerpt: �According to the findings reviewed in this paper, the variable output of the sun, the sun�s gravitational relationship between the earth (and the moon) and earth�s variable orbital relationship with the sun, regulate the earth�s climate. The processes by which the sun affects the earth show periodicities on many time scales; each process is stochastic and immensely complex. (LINK) & (LINK)

6) New peer-reviewed study on Surface Warming and the Solar Cycle: Excerpt: The study found that times of high solar activity are on average 0.2 degrees C warmer than times of low solar activity, and that there is a polar amplification of the warming. This result is the first to document a statistically significant globally coherent temperature response to the solar cycle, the authors note. Authors: Charles D. Camp and Ka Kit Tung: Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. Source: Geophysical Research Letters (GRL) paper 10.1029/2007GL030207, 2007 (LINK) [EPW Blog Note: Despite the fact that one of the co-author�s protests this study being used to chill climate fears, this paper is an important contribution to establishing the solar climate link.]

7) Update - August 29, 2007: SURVEY: LESS THAN HALF OF ALL PUBLISHED SCIENTISTS ENDORSE GLOBAL WARMING THEORY - Excerpt: "Of 539 total papers on climate change, only 38 (7%) gave an explicit endorsement of the consensus. If one considers 'implicit' endorsement (accepting the consensus without explicit statement), the figure rises to 45%. However, while only 32 papers (6%) reject the consensus outright, the largest category (48%) are neutral papers, refusing to either accept or reject the hypothesis. This is no 'consensus.'" (LINK) A July 2007 review of 539 abstracts in peer-reviewed scientific journals from 2004 through 2007 found that climate science continues to shift toward the views of global warming skeptics. Excerpt: �There appears to be little evidence in the learned journals to justify the climate-change alarm.� (LINK)

8) Chinese scientists Lin Zhen-Shan, and Sun Xian�s 2007 study, published in the peer-reviewed Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, noted that CO2�s impact on warming may be �excessively exaggerated.� Excerpt: �The global climate warming is not solely affected by the CO2 greenhouse effect. The best example is temperature obviously cooling however atmospheric CO2 concentration is ascending from 1940s to 1970s. Although the CO2 greenhouse effect on global climate change is unsuspicious, it could have been excessively exaggerated. It is high time to reconsider the trend of global climate change,� the two scientists concluded. (LINK) & (LINK)

9) Updated: October 2, 2007: Danish National Space Center Study concludes: �The Sun still appears to be the main forcing agent in global climate change.� The report was authored by Physicist Henrik Svensmark and Eigil Friis-Christensen. (LINK) Several other recent scientific studies and scientists have debunked a media hyped UK study alleging there has not been a solar-climate link in the past 20 years. UK Astrophysicist Piers Corbyn confirmed the Danish study and also debunked the �No Solar-Climate Link Study� on July 14, 2007. Excerpt: �[The study claiming to prove a] �refutation� of the decisive role of solar activity in driving climate is as valid as claiming a particular year was not warm by simply looking at the winter half of data. The most significant and persistent cycle of variation in the world�s temperature follows the 22-year magnetic cycle of the sun�s activity,� Corbyn, who heads the UK based long-term solar forecast group Weather Action, wrote. (LINK) Other studies and scientists have found also confirmed the solar-climate link. (LINK) & (LINK) & (LINK)

10) A June 29, 2007 critique by Gerd Burger of Berlin�s Institute of Meteorology in the peer-reviewed Science Magazine challenged a previously touted study claiming the 20th century had been unusually warm. Excerpt: �Burger argues that [the 2006 temperature analysis by] Osborn and Briffa did not apply the appropriate statistical tests that link the proxy records to observational data, and as such, Osborn and Briffa did not properly quantify the statistical uncertainties in their analyses. Burger repeated all analyses with the appropriate adjustments and concluded �As a result, the �highly significant� occurrences of positive anomalies during the 20th century disappear.� (LINK) Burger's technical comments in Science Magazine state: �Osborn and Briffa (Reports, 10 February 2006, p. 841) identified anomalous periods of warmth or cold in the Northern Hemisphere that were synchronous across 14 temperature-sensitive proxies. However, their finding that the spatial extent of 20th-century warming is exceptional ignores the effect of proxy screening on the corresponding significance levels. After appropriate correction, the significance of the 20th-century warming anomaly disappears.� (LINK)

11) An April 2007 study revealed the Earth�s climate �seesawing� during the last 10,000 years, according to Swedish researchers Svante Bj�rck, Karl Ljung and Dan Hammarlund of Lund University. Excerpt: During the last 10,000 years climate has been seesawing between the North and South Atlantic Oceans. As revealed by findings presented by Quaternary scientists at Lund University, Sweden, cold periods in the north have corresponded to warmth in the south and vice verse. These results imply that Europe may face a slightly cooler future than predicted by IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. < > We can identify a persistent "seesaw" pattern. When the South Atlantic was warm it was cold in the North Atlantic and vice versa. This is most certainly related to large-scale ocean circulation in the Atlantic Ocean. The main current system - "the Great Ocean Conveyor" - is driven by sinking of dense, relatively cold and salty water in the northern North Atlantic. This results in southward-flowing deep-water that is replaced by warm surface water brought to high northern latitudes from the tropics and ultimately from the South Atlantic, says Svante Bj�rck. < > Our results from Nightingale Island in the Tristan da Cunha island group, between South Africa and Argentina, for the first time give evidence of warming of the South Atlantic associated with cooling in the north. This is a major breakthrough in palaeoclimate research. (LINK)

12) An August 2007 NASA temperature data error discovery has lead to 1934 -- not the previously hyped 1998 -- being declared the hottest in U.S. history since records began. Revised data now reveals four of the top ten hottest years in the U.S. were in the 1930's while only three of the hottest years occurred in the last decade. Excerpt: "NASA has yet to own up fully to its historic error in misinterpreting US surface temperatures to conform to the Global Warming hypothesis, as discovered by Stephen McIntyre at ClimateAudit.org." (LINK) [EPW Blog note: 80% of man-made CO2 emissions occurred after 1940. (LINK) ]

13) Numerous U.S. temperature collection data errors exposed by team of researchers led by Meteorologist Anthony Watts in 2007 (LINK) - �The (U.S.) National Climate Data Center (NCDC) is in the middle of a scandal. Their global observing network, the heart and soul of surface weather measurement, is a disaster. Urbanization has placed many sites in unsuitable locations � on hot black asphalt, next to trash burn barrels, beside heat exhaust vents, even attached to hot chimneys and above outdoor grills! The data and approach taken by many global warming alarmists is seriously flawed. If the global data were properly adjusted for urbanization and station siting, and land use change issues were addressed, what would emerge is a cyclical pattern of rises and falls with much less of any background trend,� Meteorologist Joseph Conklin wrote in an August 10, 2007 blog post. (LINK)

14) Team of Scientists Question Validity Of A 'Global Temperature' � The study was published in Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics. Excerpt from a March 18, 2007 article in Science Daily: �Discussions on global warming often refer to 'global temperature.' Yet the concept is thermodynamically as well as mathematically an impossibility, says Bjarne Andresen, a professor at The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, who has analyzed this topic in collaboration with professors Christopher Essex from University of Western Ontario and Ross McKitrick from University of Guelph, Canada.� The Science Daily article reads: "It is impossible to talk about a single temperature for something as complicated as the climate of Earth", Bjarne Andresen says, an expert of thermodynamics. "A temperature can be defined only for a homogeneous system. Furthermore, the climate is not governed by a single temperature. Rather, differences of temperatures drive the processes and create the storms, sea currents, thunder, etc. which make up the climate.� He explains that while it is possible to treat temperature statistically locally, it is meaningless to talk about a global temperature for Earth. The Globe consists of a huge number of components which one cannot just add up and average. That would correspond to calculating the average phone number in the phone book. That is meaningless. Or talking about economics, it does make sense to compare the currency exchange rate of two countries, whereas there is no point in talking about an average 'global exchange rate.�� The article concludes: �Thus claims of disaster may be a consequence of which averaging method has been used, the researchers point out.� (LINK)

15) Updated: September 26, 2007: New Report from the international group Institute of Physics� finds no �consensus� on global warming. Excerpt: As world leaders gathered in New York for a high-level UN meeting on climate change, a new report by some of the world's most renowned scientists urges policymakers to keep their eyes on the "science grapevine", arguing that their understanding of global warming is still far from complete. Recognizing that powerful computer-based simulations are a key element in predicting climate change, a new Institute of Physics (IOP) report, published on 26 September 2007, shows that leading climate-physicists' views on the reliability of these models differ. The IOP is also urging world leaders "to remain alert to the latest scientific thought on climate change". (LINK)

16) A July 2007 analysis of peer-reviewed literature thoroughly debunks fears of Greenland and the Arctic melting and predictions of a frightening sea level rise. Excerpt: "Research in 2006 found that Greenland has been warming since the 1880�s, but since 1955, temperature averages at Greenland stations have been colder than the period between 1881-1955. A 2006 study found Greenland has cooled since the 1930's and 1940's, with 1941 being the warmest year on record. Another 2006 study concluded Greenland was as warm or warmer in the 1930�s and 40�s and the rate of warming from 1920-1930 was about 50% higher than the warming from 1995-2005. One 2005 study found Greenland gaining ice in the interior higher elevations and thinning ice at the lower elevations. In addition, the often media promoted fears of Greenland�s ice completely melting and a subsequent catastrophic sea level rise are directly at odds with the latest scientific studies." [See July 30, 2007 Report - Latest Scientific Studies Refute Fears of Greenland Melt � (LINK) ]

17) Update - September 11, 2007: Antarctic ice GROWS to record levels. Excerpt: While the news focus has been on the lowest ice extent since satellite monitoring began in 1979 for the Arctic, the Southern Hemisphere (Antarctica) has quietly set a new record for most ice extent since 1979. This can be seen on this graphic from this University of Illinois site The Cryosphere Today, which updated snow and ice extent for both hemispheres daily. The Southern Hemispheric areal coverage is the highest in the satellite record, just beating out 1995, 2001, 2005 and 2006. Since 1979, the trend has been up for the total Antarctic ice extent. < > This winter has been an especially harsh one in the Southern Hemisphere with cold and snow records set in Australia, South America and Africa. (LINK) & (LINK) A February 2007 study reveals Antarctica is not following predicted global warming models. Excerpt: �A new report on climate over the world's southernmost continent shows that temperatures during the late 20th century did not climb as had been predicted by many global climate models." The research was led by David Bromwich, professor of professor of atmospheric sciences in the Department of Geography, and researcher with the Byrd Polar Research Center at Ohio State University. [See: Antarctic temperatures disagree with climate model predictions - (LINK) ]

18) Update - September 14, 2007: A soon to be released survey finds Polar Bear population rising in warmer part of the Arctic. Excerpt: Fears that two-thirds of the world�s polar bears will die off in the next 50 years are overblown, says [Arctic biologist] Mitchell Taylor, the Government of Nunavut�s director of wildlife research. �I think it�s na�ve and presumptuous,� Taylor said. < > The Government of Nunavut is conducting a study of the [southern less ice region of the] Davis Strait bear population. Results of the study won�t be released until 2008, but Taylor says it appears there are some 3,000 bears in an area - a big jump from the current estimate of about 850 bears. �That�s not theory. That�s not based on a model. That�s observation of reality,� he says. And despite the fact that some of the most dramatic changes to sea ice is seen in seasonal ice areas such as Davis Strait, seven or eight of the bears measured and weighed for the study this summer are among the biggest on record, Taylor said. �Davis Strait is crawling with polar bears. It's not safe to camp there. They're fat. The mothers have cubs. The cubs are in good shape,� Taylor said, according to a September 14, 2007 article. (LINK) [EPW Blog Note: In a classic case of observed reality versus unproven computer model predictions, the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service estimates that the polar bear population is currently at 20,000 to 25,000 bears, up from as low as 5,000-10,000 bears in the 1950s and 1960s. A 2002 U.S. Geological Survey of wildlife in the Arctic Refuge Coastal Plain noted that the polar bear populations �may now be near historic highs.� ]

19) Even the alarmist UN has cut sea level rise estimates dramatically since 2001 and has reduced man�s estimated impact on the climate by 25%. Meanwhile a separate 2006 UN report found that cow emissions are more damaging to the planet than all of the CO2 emissions from cars and trucks. (LINK)

20) Update - September 10, 2007: New study claims UN IPCC peer-review process is "an illusion." A September 2007 analysis of the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) scientific review process entitled �Peer Review? What Peer Review?� by climate data analyst John McLean, revealed very few scientists are actively involved in the UN's peer-review process. According to the analysis, �The IPCC would have us believe that its reports are diligently reviewed by many hundreds of scientists and that these reviewers endorse the contents of the report. Analyses of reviewer comments show a very different and disturbing story.� The paper continued: "In [the IPCC's] Chapter 9, the key science chapter, the IPCC concludes that 'it is very highly likely that greenhouse gas forcing has been the dominant cause of the observed global warming over the last 50 years.' The IPCC leads us to believe that this statement is very much supported by the majority of reviewers. The reality is that there is surprisingly little explicit support for this key notion. Among the 23 independent reviewers just 4 explicitly endorsed the chapter with its hypothesis, and one other endorsed only a specific section. Moreover, only 62 of the IPCC�s 308 reviewers commented on this chapter at all." The analysis concluded: �The IPCC reports appear to be largely based on a consensus of scientific papers, but those papers are the product of research for which the funding is strongly influenced by previous IPCC reports. This makes the claim of a human influence self-perpetuating and for a corruption of the normal scientific process.� (LINK)

21) A May 2007 Senate Environment & Public Works report detailed a sampling of scientists who were once believers in man-made global warming and who now are skeptical. [See May 15, 2007 report: Climate Momentum Shifting: Prominent Scientists Reverse Belief in Man-made Global Warming - Now Skeptics: Growing Number of Scientists Convert to Skeptics After Reviewing New Research � (LINK) ]

22) An upcoming Fall 2007 blockbuster U.S. Senate report is set to be released that will feature a sampling of peer-reviewed studies and hundreds of scientists (many current and former UN scientists) who have spoken out recently against Gore, the UN, and the media engineered climate �consensus.� Please keep checking this blog for updates.

Prominent scientists speak out to calm CO2 emission fears

Many prominent scientists have spoken out in 2007 to debunk many fears relating to increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Climatologist Dr. Timothy Ball recently explained that one of the reasons climate models are failing is because they overestimate the warming effect of CO2 in the atmosphere. Ball described how CO2�s warming impact diminishes. �Even if CO2 concentration doubles or triples, the effect on temperature would be minimal. The relationship between temperature and CO2 is like painting a window black to block sunlight. The first coat blocks most of the light. Second and third coats reduce very little more. Current CO2 levels are like the first coat of black paint,� Ball explained in a June 6, 2007 article in Canada Free Press. (LINK)

Boston College paleoclimatologist Dr. Amy Frappier recently explained how carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can cease to have a warming impact. Frappier noted in a February 1, 2007 article in Boston College�s newspaper The Heights, that greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere do not consistently continue to have a warming effect on Earth, but the impact of the gases instead stabilize and cease having a warming effect.

"At some point the heat-trapping capacity of [CO2] and its effect gets saturated," said Frappier, "and you don't have increased heating." (LINK) "The geologic record shows that many millions of years ago, CO2 levels were indeed higher - in some cases many times higher - than today," Frappier, who believes mankind is having an impact on the climate, explained. According the article, Frappier criticizes Gore because �the movie (An Inconvenient Truth) fails to mention any ancient incongruity between carbon dioxide and temperature.�

Spitting outside has �same effect� as doubling CO2

In May 2007, the �father of meteorology� Dr. Reid Bryson, the founding chairman of the Department of Meteorology at University of Wisconsin, dismissed fears of increased man-made CO2 in the atmosphere.

�You can go outside and spit and have the same effect as doubling carbon dioxide,� Bryson, who has been identified by the British Institute of Geographers as the most frequently cited climatologist in the world, said. (LINK) �All this argument is the temperature going up or not, it�s absurd. Of course it�s going up. It has gone up since the early 1800s, before the Industrial Revolution, because we�re coming out of the Little Ice Age, not because we�re putting more carbon dioxide into the air,� Bryson added.

Environmental economist Dennis Avery, co-author with climate scientist Dr. Fred Singer of the new book "Unstoppable Global Warming Every 1500 Years," explained the impact man-made CO2 has had on global temperatures. "The earth has warmed only a net 0.2 degrees C of net warming since 1940. Human-emitted CO2 gets the blame for only half of that�or 0.1 degree C of warming over 65 years! We've had no warming at all since 1998. Remember, too, that each added unit of CO2 has less impact on the climate. The first 40 parts per million of human-emitted CO2 added to the atmosphere in the 1940s had as much climate impact as the next 360 ppm," Avery wrote in August 2007. The book, "Unstoppable Global Warming Every 1500 Years," details more than 100 scientific studies with more than 300 co-authors revealing how solar activity is linked to the Earth's natural temperature cycles.

"How do the Greens project a mind-numbing surge of global warming from this New Math on Global Warming?" Avery asked, calling the new scientific research debunking climate fears a "real crisis" for Gore and the proponents of man-made catastrophic global warming. (LINK)

�Temperature drives CO2�

Ivy League geologist Dr. Robert Giegengack, the chair of Department of Earth and Environmental Science at the University of Pennsylvania, recently spoke out against fears of rising CO2 impacts promoted by Gore and others. Giegengack does not even consider global warming among the top ten environmental problems.

�In terms of [global warming�s] capacity to cause the human species harm, I don�t think it makes it into the top 10,� Giegengack said in an interview in the May/June 2007 issue of the Pennsylvania Gazette. (LINK) Giegengack also noted �for most of Earth�s history, the globe has been warmer than it has been for the last 200 years. It has rarely been cooler.� (LINK) �[Gore] claims that temperature increases solely because more CO2 in the atmosphere traps the sun�s heat. That�s just wrong � It�s a natural interplay. As temperature rises, CO2 rises, and vice versa,� Giegengack explained. �It�s hard for us to say that CO2 drives temperature. It�s easier to say temperature drives CO2,� he added. (LINK) "The driving mechanism is exactly the opposite of what Al Gore claims, both in his film and in that book. It's the temperature that, through those 650,000 years, controlled the CO2; not the CO2 that controlled the temperature," he added. (LINK)

�Certain �feedback loops� naturally control the levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. A warmer temperature drives gases out of solution in the ocean and releases them,� he continued. �[Today, humans] are putting 6.5 billion tons of fossil-fuel carbon into the atmosphere, and only 3.5 billion is staying there, so 3 billion tons is going somewhere else. In the past, when the Earth�s climate rose, CO2 came out of the ocean, the soils, and the permafrost. Today as temperatures rise, excess CO2 is instead going into those and other reservoirs. This reversed flux is very important. Because of this, if we reduced the rate at which we put carbon into the atmosphere, it won�t reduce the concentration in the atmosphere; CO2 is just going to come back out of these reservoirs ... If we were to stop manufacturing CO2 tomorrow, we wouldn�t see the effects of that for generations,� Giegengack said.

Man-made CO2 equivalent to linoleum on first floor of 100 story building

Meteorologist Joseph D�Aleo, the first Director of Meteorology at The Weather Channel and former chairman of the American Meteorological Society�s (AMS) Committee on Weather Analysis and Forecasting, explained how miniscule mankind�s CO2 emissions are in relation to the atmosphere.

�If the atmosphere was a 100 story building, our annual anthropogenic CO2 contribution today would be equivalent to the linoleum on the first floor,� D�Aleo wrote in an August 15, 2007 blog on his website www.IceCap.US. (LINK)

�Carbon dioxide is 0.000383 of our atmosphere by volume (0.038%). Only 2.75% of atmospheric CO2 is anthropogenic in origin. The amount we emit is said to be up from 1% a decade ago. Despite the increase in emissions, the rate of change of atmospheric carbon dioxide at Mauna Loa remains the same as the long term average (+0.45%/year). We are responsible for just 0.001% of this atmosphere. If the atmosphere was a 100 story building, our anthropogenic CO2 contribution today would be equivalent to the linoleum on the first floor. This is likely because the oceans are a far more important sink for excess carbon dioxide than generally accepted,� he explained.

NASA's James Hansen calls climate skeptics �court jesters�

In the face of this growing surge of scientific research and the increasing number of scientists speaking out, NASA scientist James Hansen wrote this past week that skeptics of a predicted climate catastrophe were engaging in �deceit� and were nothing more than �court jesters.�

�The contrarians will be remembered as court jesters. There is no point to joust with court jesters. They will always be present,� Hanson wrote on August 16, 2007. (LINK) & (LINK) & (LINK) [EPW Blog Note: It is ironic to have accusations of �deceit� coming from a man who conceded in a 2003 issue of Natural Science that the use of �extreme scenarios" to dramatize global warming �may have been appropriate at one time� to drive the public's attention to the issue --- a disturbing admission by a prominent scientist. (LINK) Also worth noting is Hansen�s humorous allegation that he was muzzled by the current Administration despite the fact he did over 1400 on-the-job media interviews. (LINK) ]

If the scientific case is so strong for predictions of catastrophic man-made global warming, why do its promoters like Hansen and his close ally Gore feel the need to resort to insults and intimidation when attempting to silence skeptics? [EPW Blog Note: Gore and Hansen are not alone - See: EPA to Probe E-mail Threatening to �Destroy� Career of Climate Skeptic - LINK ]

Media continues to ignore growing scientific evidence

The mainstream media�s response to these recent scientific developments casting significant doubt on warming fears has been � utter silence.

posted February 24, 2011 10:20 PM            

Peer Review, Publication in Top Journals, Scientific Consensus, and So Forth (Robert Higgs, Ph.D. Economics)

Peer-Review Papers Skeptical of "Man-Made" Global Warming:

"No credible peer-reviewed scientist in the world disagrees any longer that the globe is warming and that humans are causing it." - Laurie David, Producer 'An Inconvenient Truth'

1,500-Year Climate Cycle:
A 150,000-year climatic record from Antarctic ice(Nature 316, 591 - 596, 15 August 1985)- C. Lorius, C. Ritz, J. Jouzel, L. Merlivat, N. I. Barkov
A Pervasive Millennial-Scale Cycle in North Atlantic Holocene and Glacial Climates(Science, Vol. 278. no. 5341, pp. 1257 - 1266, 14 November 1997)- Gerard Bond, William Showers, Maziet Cheseby, Rusty Lotti, Peter Almasi, Peter deMenocal, Paul Priore, Heidi Cullen, Irka Hajdas, Georges Bonani
A Variable Sun Paces Millennial Climate(Science, Vol. 294. no. 5546, pp. 1431 - 1433, 16 November 2001)- Richard A. Kerr
Cyclic Variation and Solar Forcing of Holocene Climate in the Alaskan Subarctic(Science, Vol. 301. no. 5641, pp. 1890 - 1893, 26 September 2003)- Feng Sheng Hu, Darrell Kaufman, Sumiko Yoneji, David Nelson, Aldo Shemesh, Yongsong Huang, Jian Tian, Gerard Bond, Benjamin Clegg, Thomas Brown
Decadal to millennial cyclicity in varves and turbidites from the Arabian Sea: hypothesis of tidal origin(Global and Planetary Change, Volume 34, Issues 3-4, Pages 313-325, November 2002)- W. H. Bergera, U. von Rad
Late Holocene approximately 1500 yr climatic periodicities and their implications(Geology, v. 26; no. 5; p. 471-473, May 1998)- Ian D. Campbell, Celina Campbell, Michael J. Apps, Nathaniel W. Rutter, Andrew B. G. Bush
Possible solar origin of the 1,470-year glacial climate cycle demonstrated in a coupled model(Nature 438, 208-211, 10 November 2005)- Holger Braun, Marcus Christl, Stefan Rahmstorf, Andrey Ganopolski, Augusto Mangini, Claudia Kubatzki, Kurt Roth, Bernd Kromet
The 1,800-year oceanic tidal cycle: A possible cause of rapid climate change(PNAS, vol. 97, no. 8, 3814-3819, April 11, 2000)- Charles D. Keeling, Timothy P. Whorf
The origin of the 1500-year climate cycles in Holocene North-Atlantic records(Climate of the Past Discussions, Volume 3, Issue 2, pp.679-692, 2007)- M. Debret, V. Bout-Roumazeilles, F. Grousset, M. Desmet, J. F. McManus, N. Massei, D. Sebag, J.-R. Petit, Y. Copard, A. Trentesaux
Timing of abrupt climate change: A precise clock(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 30, No. 10, 2003)- Stefan Rahmstorf
Timing of Millennial-Scale Climate Change in Antarctica and Greenland During the Last Glacial Period(Science, Volume 291, Issue 5501, pp. 109-112, 2001)- Thomas Blunier, Edward J. Brook
Widespread evidence of 1500 yr climate variability in North America during the past 14 000 yr(Geology, v. 30, no. 5, p. 455-458, May 2002)- Andr� E. Viau, Konrad Gajewski, Philippe Fines, David E. Atkinson, Michael C. Sawada

An Inconvenient Truth:
An Inconvenient Truth : a focus on its portrayal of the hydrologic cycle(GeoJournal, Volume 70, Number 1, September, 2007)- David R. Legates
An Inconvenient Truth : blurring the lines between science and science fiction(GeoJournal, Volume 70, Number 1, September 2007)- Roy W. Spencer

Anthropogenic:
Environmental Effects of Increased Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide(Energy & Environment, Volume 10, Number 5, pp. 439-468, 1 September 1999)- Arthur B. Robinson, Noah E. Robinson, Willie Soon
Global warming(Progress in Physical Geography, 27, 448-455, 2003)- W. Soon, S. L. Baliunas
Human Contribution to Climate Change Remains Questionable(American Geophysical Society, Vol 80, page 183-187, April 20, 1999)- S. Fred Singer
Industrial CO2 emissions as a proxy for anthropogenic influence on lower tropospheric temperature trends(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 31, L05204, 2004)- A. T. J. de Laat, A. N. Maurellis
Implications of the Secondary Role of Carbon Dioxide and Methane Forcing in Climate Change: Past, Present, and Future(Physical Geography, Volume 28, Number 2, pp. 97-125(29), March 2007)- Soon, Willie
Methodology and Results of Calculating Central California Surface Temperature Trends: Evidence of Human-Induced Climate Change?(Journal of Climate, Volume: 19 Issue: 4, February 2006)- Christy, J.R., W.B. Norris, K. Redmond, K. Gallo
Modeling climatic effects of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions: unknowns and uncertainties(Climate Research, Vol. 18: 259�275, 2001)- Willie Soon, Sallie Baliunas, Sherwood B. Idso, Kirill Ya. Kondratyev, Eric S. Posmentier
Modeling climatic effects of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions: unknowns and uncertainties. Reply to Risbey (2002)(Climate Research, Vol. 22: 187�188, 2002)- Willie Soon, Sallie Baliunas, Sherwood B. Idso, Kirill Ya. Kondratyev, Eric S. Posmentier
Modeling climatic effects of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions: unknowns and uncertainties. Reply to Karoly et al.(Climate Research, Vol. 24: 93�94, 2003)- Willie Soon, Sallie Baliunas, Sherwood B. Idso, Kirill Ya. Kondratyev, Eric S. Posmentier
On global forces of nature driving the Earth's climate. Are humans involved?(Environmental Geology, Volume 50, Number 6, August, 2006)- L. F. Khilyuk and G. V. Chilingar
Quantitative implications of the secondary role of carbon dioxide climate forcing in the past glacial-interglacial cycles for the likely future climatic impacts of anthropogenic greenhouse-gas forcings(arXiv:0707.1276, 07/2007)- Soon, Willie
The continuing search for an anthropogenic climate change signal: Limitations of correlation-based approaches(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 24, No. 18, Pages 2319�2322, 1997)- David R. Legates, Robert E. Davis

Antarctica:
A doubling in snow accumulation in the western Antarctic Peninsula since 1850(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 35, L01706, 2008)- Elizabeth R. Thomas, Gareth J. Marshall, Joseph R. McConnell
First survey of Antarctic sub�ice shelf sediments reveals mid-Holocene ice shelf retreat(Geology, v. 29; no. 9; p. 787-790, September 2001)- Carol J. Pudsey, Jeffrey Evans
Orbitally induced oscillations in the East Antarctic ice sheet at the Oligocene/Miocene boundary(Nature 413, 719-723, October 2001)- Naish TR, Woolfe KJ, Barrett PJ, Wilson GS, Atkins C, Bohaty SM, B�cker CJ, Claps M, Davey FJ, Dunbar GB, Dunn AG, Fielding CR, Florindo F, Hannah MJ, Harwood DM, Henrys SA, Krissek LA, Lavelle M, van Der Meer J, McIntosh WC, Niessen F, Passchier S, Powell RD, Roberts AP, Sagnotti L, Scherer RP, Strong CP, Talarico F, Verosub KL, Villa G, Watkins DK, Webb PN, Wonik T
Past and Future Grounding-Line Retreat of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet(Science, Vol. 286. no. 5438, pp. 280 - 283, October 1999)- H. Conway, B. L. Hall, G. H. Denton, A. M. Gades, E. D. Waddington
Snowfall-Driven Growth in East Antarctic Ice Sheet Mitigates Recent Sea-Level Rise(Science, Vol. 308. no. 5730, pp. 1898 - 1901, 24 June 2005)- Curt H. Davis, Yonghong Li, Joseph R. McConnell, Markus M. Frey, Edward Hanna

Arctic
Actual and insolation-weighted Northern Hemisphere snow cover and sea-ice between 1973�2002(Climate Dynamics, Volume 22, Issue 6-7, pp. 591-595, 2004)- R. Pielke, G. Liston, W. Chapman, D. Robinson
Scary Arctic Ice Loss? Blame the Wind(Science, Vol. 307. no. 5707, p. 203, 14 January 2005)- Richard A. Kerr
Sea-ice decline due to more than warming alone(Nature 450, 27, 1 November 2007)- Julia Slingo, Rowan SuttonCO2 lags Temperature changes:
180 years of atmospheric CO2 gas analysis by chemical methods(Energy & Environment, Volume 18, Number 2, pp. 259-282(24), March 2007)- Beck, Ernst-Georg
Ice core records of atmospheric CO2 around the last three glacial terminations(Science, Vol. 283. no. 5408, pp. 1712 - 1714, 12 March 1999)- Hubertus Fischer, Martin Wahlen, Jesse Smith, Derek Mastroianni, Bruce Deck

QUOTE
High-resolution records from Antarctic ice cores show that carbon dioxide concentrations increased by 80 to 100 parts per million by volume 600 � 400 years after the warming of the last three deglaciations.

Southern Hemisphere and Deep-Sea Warming Led Deglacial Atmospheric CO2 Rise and Tropical Warming(Science, September 27, 2007)- Lowell Stott, Axel Timmermann, Robert Thunell
The phase relations among atmospheric CO2 content, temperature and global ice volume over the past 420 ka(Quaternary Science Reviews, Volume 20, Issue 4, Pages 583-589, February 2001)- Manfred Mudelsee
Timing of Atmospheric CO2 and Antarctic Temperature Changes Across Termination III(Science 14, Vol. 299. no. 5613, March 2003)- Nicolas Caillon, Jeffrey P. Severinghaus, Jean Jouzel, Jean-Marc Barnola, Jiancheng Kang, Volodya Y. Lipenkov

QUOTE
The sequence of events during Termination III suggests that the CO2 increase lagged Antarctic deglacial warming by 800 � 200 years and preceded the Northern Hemisphere deglaciation.

Computer Climate Models:
A comparison of tropical temperature trends with model predictions(International Journal of Climatology, 5 Dec 2007)- David H. Douglass, John R. Christy, Benjamin D. Pearson, S. Fred Singer
Altitude dependence of atmospheric temperature trends: Climate models versus observation(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 31, L13208, 2004)- David H. Douglass, Benjamin D. Pearson, S. Fred Singer
Effects of bias in solar radiative transfer codes on global climate model simulations(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 32, L20717, 2005)- Albert Arking
Global Climate Models Violate Scaling of the Observed Atmospheric Variability(Physical Review Letters, Vol. 89, No. 2, July 8, 2002)- R. B. Govindan, Dmitry Vyushin, Armin Bunde, Stephen Brenner, Shlomo Havlin, Hans-Joachim Schellnhuber
Quantifying the influence of anthropogenic surface processes and inhomogeneities on gridded global climate data(Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 112, D24S09, 2007)- Ross R. McKitrick, Patrick J. Michaels
Seductive Simulations? Uncertainty Distribution Around Climate Models(Social Studies of Science, Vol. 35, No. 6, 895-922, 2005)- Myanna Lahsen

Greenhouse Theory:
Are observed changes in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere really dangerous?(Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology,v. 50, no. 2, p. 297-327, June 2002)- C. R. de Freitas
Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations over the Last Glacial Termination(Science, Vol. 291. no. 5501, 5 January 2001)- Eric Monnin, Andreas Inderm�hle, Andr� D�llenbach, Jacqueline Fl�ckiger, Bernhard Stauffer, Thomas F. Stocker, Dominique Raynaud, Jean-Marc Barnola
Atmospheric CO2 fluctuations during the last millennium reconstructed by stomatal frequency analysis of Tsuga heterophylla needles(Geology, v. 33; no. 1; p. 33-36, January 2005)- Lenny Kouwenberg, Rike Wagner, Wolfram K�rschner, Henk Visscher
Can increasing carbon dioxide cause climate change?(Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 94, pp. 8335-8342, August 1997)- Richard S. Lindzen
Cloud and radiation budget changes associated with tropical intraseasonal oscillations(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 34, L15707, 2007)- Roy W. Spencer, William D. Braswell, John R. Christy, Justin Hnilo
CO2-induced global warming: a skeptic�s view of potential climate change(Climate Research, Vol. 10: 69�82, 1998)- Sherwood B. Idso
Does the Earth Have an Adaptive Infrared Iris?(Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Volume 82, Issue 3, pp. 417�432, March 2001)- Richard S. Lindzen, Ming-Dah Chou, and Arthur Y. Hou
Falsification Of The Atmospheric CO2 Greenhouse Effects Within The Frame Of Physics(Physics, arXiv:0707.1161)- Gerhard Gerlich, Ralf D. Tscheuschner

QUOTE
A. there are no common physical laws between the warming phenomenon in glass houses and the fictitious atmospheric greenhouse effects, B. there are no calculations to determine an average surface temperature of a planet, C. the frequently mentioned difference of 33 degrees Celsius is a meaningless number calculated wrongly, D. the formulas of cavity radiation are used inappropriately, E. the assumption of a radiative balance is unphysical, F. thermal conductivity and friction must not be set to zero, the atmospheric greenhouse conjecture is falsified.

Heat capacity, time constant, and sensitivity of Earth's climate system(Accepted for publication in Journal of Geophysical Research)- Stephen E. Schwartz
Phanerozoic Climatic Zones and Paleogeography with a Consideration of Atmospheric CO2 Levels(Paleontological Journal, 2: 3-11, 2003)- A. J. Boucot, Chen Xu, C. R. Scotese
The "Greenhouse Effect" as a Function of Atmospheric Mass(Energy & Environment, Volume 14, Numbers 2-3, pp. 351-356, 1 May 2003)- H. Jelbring

Greenland:
Global Warming and the Greenland Ice Sheet(Climatic Change, Volume 63, Numbers 1-2, pp. 201-221(21), March 2004)- Petr Chylek, Jason E. Box, Glen Lesins
Greenland warming of 1920�1930 and 1995�2005(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 33, 2006)- Petr Chylek, M. K. Dubey, G. Lesins
Rapid Changes in Ice Discharge from Greenland Outlet Glaciers(Science, Vol. 315. no. 5818, pp. 1559 - 1561, 16 March 2007)- Ian M. Howat, Ian Joughin, Ted A. Scambos
Recent cooling in coastal southern Greenland and relation with the North Atlantic Oscillation(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 30, No. 3, 2003)- Edward Hanna, John Cappelen
Recent Ice-Sheet Growth in the Interior of Greenland(Science 11, Vol. 310. no. 5750, pp. 1013 - 1016, November 2005)- Ola M. Johannessen, Kirill Khvorostovsky, Martin W. Miles, Leonid P. Bobylev

Hockey Stick:
Proxy climatic and environmental changes of the past 1000 years(Climate Research, Vol. 23, 89�110, January 2003)- Willie Soon, Sallie Baliunas
Corrections to the Mann et al (1998) Proxy Data Base and Northern Hemisphere Average Temperature Series(Energy & Environment, Volume 14, Number 6, pp. 751-771, November 2003)- Stephen McIntyre, Ross McKitrick
The M&M Critique of the MBH98 Northern Hemisphere Climate Index: Update and Implications(Energy & Environment, Volume 16, Number 1, pp. 69-100, January 2005)- Stephen McIntyre, Ross McKitrick
Hockey sticks, principal components, and spurious significance(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 32, February 2005)- Stephen McIntyre, Ross McKitrick

QUOTE
Their method, when tested on persistent red noise, nearly always produces a hockey stick shape...

- Reply to comment by Huybers on "Hockey sticks, principal components, and spurious significance"(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 32, October 2005)- Stephen McIntyre, Ross McKitrick-
Reply to comment by von Storch and Zorita on "Hockey sticks, principal components, and spurious significance"(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 32, October 2005)- Stephen McIntyre, Ross McKitrick
Highly variable Northern Hemisphere temperatures reconstructed from low- and high-resolution proxy data(Nature 433, 613-617, February 2005)- Anders Moberg, Dmitry M. Sonechkin, Karin Holmgren, Nina M. Datsenko and Wibj�rn Karl�n
Comment on "The Spatial Extent of 20th-Century Warmth in the Context of the Past 1200 Years"(Science, Vol. 316. no. 5833, p. 1844, June 2007)- Gerd B�rger
A 2000-year global temperature reconstruction based on non-treering proxies(Energy & Environment, Volume 18, Numbers 7-8, pp. 1049-1058, December 2007)- C. Loehle

Hurricanes:
Can We Detect Trends in Extreme Tropical Cyclones?(Science, Vol. 313. no. 5786, pp. 452 - 454, 28 July 2006)- Christopher W. Landsea, Bruce A. Harper, Karl Hoarau, John A. Knaff
Causes of the Unusually Destructive 2004 Atlantic Basin Hurricane Season(Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Volume 87, Issue 10, October 2006)- Philip J. Klotzbach, William M. Gray
Comments on "Impacts of CO2-Induced Warming on Simulated Hurricane Intensity and Precipitation: Sensitivity to the Choice of Climate Model and Convective Scheme"(Journal of Climate, Volume 18, Issue 23, December 2005)- Patrick J. Michaels, Paul C. Knappenberger, Christopher Landsea
Counting Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Back to 1900(EOS, Transactions American Geophysical Union, Vol. 88, No. 18, Page 197, 2007)- Christopher W. Landsea
Hurricanes and Global Warming(Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Volume 86, Issue 11, November 2005)- R. A. Pielke Jr., C. Landsea, M. Mayfield, J. Laver, and R. Pasch
Meteorology: Are there trends in hurricane destruction?(Nature 438, E11, 22 December 2005) - Roger A. Pielke, Jr
Sea-surface temperatures and tropical cyclones in the Atlantic basin(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 22, No. 33, L09708, 2006)- Patrick J. Michaels, Paul C. Knappenberger, Robert E. Davis
Tropical Cyclones and Global Climate Change: A Post-IPCC Assessment(Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Volume 79, Issue 1, January 1998)- A. Henderson-Sellers, H. Zhang, G. Berz, K. Emanuel, W. Gray, C. Landsea, G. Holland, J. Lighthill, S.-L. Shieh, P. Webster, K. McGuffie

Kyoto:
Time to ditch Kyoto(Nature 449, 973-975, 25 October 2007)- Gwyn Prins, Steve Rayner

Medieval Warming Period -Little Ice Age:
A 700 year record of Southern Hemisphere extratropical climate variability(Annals of Glaciology, vol. 39, p.127-132, 2004)- P.A Mayewski, K. Maasch, J.W.C White, E.J. Steig, E. Meyerson, I. Goodwin, V.I. Morgan, T. van Ommen, M.A.J. Curran, J. Sourney, K. Kreutz
Coherent High- and Low-Latitude Climate Variability During the Holocene Warm Period(Science, Vol. 288. no. 5474, pp. 2198 - 2202, 23 June 2000)- Peter deMenocal, Joseph Ortiz, Tom Guilderson, Michael Sarnthein
Evidence for a 'Medieval Warm Period' in a 1,100 year tree-ring reconstruction of past austral summer temperatures in New Zealand(Geophysical Research Letters. Vol. 29, no. 14, pp. 12-1 to 12-4. 15 July 2002)- E. R. Cook, J. G. Palmer, R. D'Arrigo
Evidence for the existence of the medieval warm period in China(Climatic Change, Volume 26, Numbers 2-3, March, 1994)- De'Er Zhang
Glacial geological evidence for the medieval warm period(Climatic Change, Volume 26, Numbers 2-3, March, 1994)- Jean M. Grove, Roy Switsur
Late Holocene surface ocean conditions of the Norwegian Sea (V�ring Plateau)(Paleooceanography, Vol. 18, No. 2, 1044, 2003)- Carin Andersson, Bj�rg Risebrobakken, Eystein Jansen, Svein Olaf Dahl
Low-Frequency Signals in Long Tree-Ring Chronologies for Reconstructing Past Temperature Variability(Science, Vol. 295. no. 5563, pp. 2250 - 2253, 22 March 2002)- Jan Esper, Edward R. Cook, Fritz H. Schweingruber
Medieval climate warming and aridity as indicated by multiproxy evidence from the Kola Peninsula, Russia(Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, Volume 209, Issues 1-4, Pages 113-125, 6 July 2004)- K. V. Kremenetski, T. Boettger, G. M. MacDonald, T. Vaschalova, L. Sulerzhitsky, A. Hiller
Medieval Warm Period, Little Ice Age and 20th century temperature variability from Chesapeake Bay(Global and Planetary Change, Volume 36, Issues 1-2, March 2003, Pages 17-29)- T. M. Cronin, G. S. Dwyer, T. Kamiya, S. Schwede, D. A. Willard
Reconstructing Climatic and Environmental Changes of the Past 1000 Years: A Reappraisal(Energy and Environment, Vol. 14, Issues 2 & 3, April 11, 2003)- Willie Soon, Sallie Baliunas, Sherwood B. Idso, Craig Idso, David R. Legates

QUOTE
Many records reveal that the 20th century is likely not the warmest nor a uniquely extreme climatic period of the last millennium.

The Little Ice Age and Medieval Warm Period in the Sargasso Sea(Science, Vol. 274. no. 5292, pp. 1503 - 1508, 29 November 1996)- Lloyd D. Keigwin
The Little Ice Age and Medieval Warming in South Africa(South African Journal of Science 96: 121-126, 2000)- P. D. Tyson, W. Karl�n, K. Holmgren and G. A. Heiss
The 'Mediaeval Warm Period' drought recorded in Lake Huguangyan, tropical South China(Holocene, Vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 511-516, 2002)- Guoqiang Chu, Jiaqi Liu, Qing Sun, Houyuan Lu, Zhaoyan Gu, Wenyuan Wang, Tungsheng Liu
The Medieval Warm Period in the Daihai Area(Journal of Lake Sciences, Vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 209-216, Sep 2002)- Z. Jin, J. Shen, S. Wang, E. Zhang
Tornetr�sk tree-ring width and density ad 500�2004: a test of climatic sensitivity and a new 1500-year reconstruction of north Fennoscandian summers(Climate Dynamics, January, 2008)- H�kan Grudd
Tree-ring and glacial evidence for the medieval warm epoch and the little ice age in southern South America(Climatic Change, Volume 26, Numbers 2-3, March, 1994)- Ricardo Villalba
Was the Medieval Warm Period Global?(Science, Vol. 291. no. 5508, pp. 1497 - 1499, 23 February 2001)- Wallace S. Broecker

QUOTE
The Little Ice Age and the subsequent warming were global in extent. Several Holocene fluctuations in snowline, comparable in magnitude to that of the post-Little Ice Age warming, occurred in the Swiss Alps. Borehole records both in polar ice and in wells from all continents suggest the existence of a Medieval Warm Period. Finally, two multidecade-duration droughts plagued the western United States during the latter part of the Medieval Warm Period. I consider this evidence sufficiently convincing to merit an intensification of studies aimed at elucidating Holocene climate fluctuations, upon which the warming due to greenhouse gases is superimposed.

Polar Bears:
Polar bears of western Hudson Bay and climate change: Are warming spring air temperatures the �ultimate� survival control factor?(Ecological Complexity, Volume 4, Issue 3, Pages 73-84, September 2007)- M.G. Dyck, W. Soon, R.K. Baydack, D.R. Legates, S. Baliunas, T.F. Ball, L.O. Hancock

Sea Level:
Estimating future sea level changes from past records(Global and Planetary Change, Volume 40, Issues 1-2, Pages 49-54, January 2004)- Nils-Axel M�rner
New perspectives for the future of the Maldives(Global and Planetary Change, v. 40, iss. 1-2, p. 177-182. 2004)- Nils-Axel Momer, Michael Tooley, Goran Possnert
Snowfall-Driven Growth in East Antarctic Ice Sheet Mitigates Recent Sea-Level Rise(Science, Vol. 308. no. 5730, pp. 1898 - 1901, 24 June 2005)- Curt H. Davis, Yonghong Li, Joseph R. McConnell, Markus M. Frey, Edward Hanna)

Solar:
A mechanism for sun-climate connection(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 32, 2005)- Sultan Hameed, Jae N. Lee
A Millennium Scale Sunspot Reconstruction: Evidence For an Unusually Active Sun Since the 1940's(Physical Review Letters 91, 2003)- Ilya G. Usoskin, Sami K. Solanki, Manfred Sch�ssler, Kalevi Mursula, Katja Alanko
Celestial Climate Driver: A Perspective from Four Billion Years of the Carbon Cycle(Geoscience Canada, Volume 32, Number 1, March 2005)- J�n Veizer
Celestial driver of Phanerozoic climate?(GSA Volume 13, Issue 7, July 2003)- Nir J. Shaviv, J�n Veizer
Climate Change: The Sun's Role(arXiv:0706.3621, 23 Jun 2007)- Gerald E. Marsh
Comparison of proxy records of climate change and solar forcing(Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 23, Issue 4, p. 359-362, 02/1996)- Crowley, Thomas J., Kim, Kwang-Yul
Evidence of Solar Variation in Tree-Ring-Based Climate Reconstructions(Solar Physics, Volume 205, Number 2, Pages 403-417, February 2002)- M.G. Ogurtsov , G.E. Kocharov, M. Lindholm, J. Meril�inen, M. Eronen, Yu.A. Nagovitsyn
Geophysical, archaeological, and historical evidence support a solar-output model for climate change(PNAS, Vol. 97, No. 23, 12433-12438, November 7, 2000)- Charles A. Perry, Kenneth J. Hsu
Has solar variability caused climate change that affected human culture?(Advances in Space Research, Volume 40, Issue 7, Pages 1173-1180, 2007)- Joan Feynmana
Imprint of Galactic dynamics on Earth's climate(Astronomische Nachrichten, Volume 327, Issue 9 , Pages 866 - 870, 10 Oct 2006)- H. Svensmark)
Is solar variability reflected in the Nile River?(Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, D21114, 2006)- Alexander Ruzmaikin, Joan Feynman, Yuk L. Yung
Length of the Solar Cycle: An Indicator of Solar Activity Closely Associated with Climate(Science, Vol. 254. no. 5032, pp. 698 - 700, November 1991)- E. Friis-Christensen, K. LassenLinkages between solar activity, climate predictability and water resource development(Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering, Vol 49 No 2, Pages 32�44, June 2007)- W J R Alexander, F Bailey, D B Bredenkamp, A van der Merwe, N Willemse
Long-Period Cycles of the Sun's Activity Recorded in Direct Solar Data and Proxies(Solar Physics, Volume 211, Numbers 1-2, December, 2002)- M.G. Ogurtsov, Yu.A. Nagovitsyn, G.E. Kocharov, H. Jungner
Orbital Controls on the El Ni�o/Southern Oscillation and the Tropical Climate(Paleoceanogrpahy Vol. 14, No. 4, Pages 441�456, 1999)- A. C. Clement, R. Seager, M. A. Cane
Palaeoenvironmental evidence for solar forcing of Holocene climate: linkages to solar science(Progress in Physical Geography, Vol. 23, No. 2, 181-204, 1999)- Frank M. Chambers, Michael I. Ogle, Jeffrey J. Blackford
Persistent Solar Influence on North Atlantic Climate During the Holocene(Science, Vol. 294. no. 5549, pp. 2130 - 2136, 7 December 2001)- Gerard Bond, Bernd Kromer, Juerg Beer, Raimund Muscheler, Michael N. Evans, William Showers, Sharon Hoffmann, Rusty Lotti-Bond, Irka Hajdas, Georges Bonani
Phenomenological solar contribution to the 1900�2000 global surface warming(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 33, L05708, 2006)- N. Scafetta, B. J. West
Phenomenological solar signature in 400 years of reconstructed Northern Hemisphere temperature record(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 33, L17718, 2006)- N. Scafetta, B. J. West
Possible solar forcing of century-scale drought frequency in the northern Great Plains(Geology, Vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 263-266, Mar 1999)-Zicheng Yu, Emi Ito
Reply to Lockwood and Fr�hlich � The persistent role of the Sun in climate forcing(Danish National Space Center Scientific Report, 3/2007)- H. Svensmark, E.Friis-Christensen
Regional tropospheric responses to long-term solar activity variations(Advances in Space Research, Volume 40, Issue 7, Pages 1167-1172, 2007)- O.M. Raspopov, V.A. Dergachev, A.V. Kuzmin, O.V. Kozyreva, M.G. Ogurtsov, T. Kolstr�m and E. Lopatin
Rhodes Fairbridge and the idea that the solar system regulates the Earth�s climate(Journal of Coastal Research, SI 50, pp. 955-968, 2007)- Richard Mackey
Solar activity variations and global temperature(Energy (Oxford), Vol. 18, no. 12, pp. 1273-1284, 1993)- Friis-Christensen, Eigil
Solar and climate signal records in tree ring width from Chile (AD 1587�1994)(Planetary and Space Science, Volume 55, Issues 1-2, Pages 158-164, January 2007)- Nivaor Rodolfo Rigozoa, Daniel Jean Roger Nordemann, Heitor Evangelista da Silva, Mariza Pereira de Souza Echer, Ezequiel Echer
Solar correlates of Southern Hemisphere mid-latitude climate variability(International Journal of Climatology, Volume 22, Issue 8 , Pages 901 - 915, 27 May 2002)- Ronald E. Thresher
Solar Cycle Variability, Ozone, and Climate(Science, Vol. 284. no. 5412, pp. 305 - 308, 9 April 1999)- Drew Shindell, David Rind, Nambeth Balachandran, Judith Lean, Patrick Lonergan
Solar Forcing of Drought Frequency in the Maya Lowlands(Science, Vol. 292. no. 5520, pp. 1367 - 1370, 18 May 2001)- David A. Hodell, Mark Brenner, Jason H. Curtis, Thomas Guilderson
Solar total irradiance variation and the global sea surface temperature record(Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 96, NO. D2, Pages 2835�2844, 1991)- George C. Reid
Solar variability and climate change: Geomagnetic aa index and global surface temperature(Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 25, Issue 7, p. 1035-1038, 1998)- E.W. Cliver, V. Boriakoff, J. Feynman
Solar variability and ring widths in fossil trees(Il Nuovo Cimento C, Volume 19, Number 4, July 1996)- S. Cecchini, M. Galli, T. Nanni, L. Ruggiero
Solar Variability Over the Past Several Millennia(Space Science Reviews, Volume 125, Issue 1-4, pp. 67-79, Friday, December 22, 2006)- J. Beer, M. Vonmoos, R. Muscheler
Suggestive correlations between the brightness of Neptune, solar variability, and Earth's temperature (Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 34, L08203, 2007)- H. B. Hammel, G. W. Lockwood
Surface warming by the solar cycle as revealed by the composite mean difference projection(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 34, L14703, 2007)- Charles D. Camp, Ka Kit Tung
The link between the solar dynamo and climate - The evidence from a long mean air temperature series from Northern Ireland(Irish Astronomical Journal, vol. 21, no. 3-4, p. 251-254, 09/1994)- C.J. Butler, D.J. Johnston
The Sun�Earth Connection in Time Scales from Years to Decades and Centuries(Space Science Reviews, v. 95, Issue 1/2, p. 625-637, 2001)- T.I. Pulkkinen, H. Nevanlinna, P.J. Pulkkinen, M. Lockwood
Variable solar irradiance as a plausible agent for multidecadal variations in the Arctic-wide surface air temperature record of the past 130 years(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 32, L16712, 2005)- Willie W.-H. Soon
Variability of the solar cycle length during the past five centuries and the apparent association with terrestrial climate(Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, Volume 57, Issue 8, Pages 835-845, July 1995)- K. Lassen, E. Friis-Christensen
Variations in Radiocarbon Concentration and Sunspot Activity(Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 66, p.273, 01/1961)- Stuiver, M.
Variations in the Earth's Orbit: Pacemaker of the Ice Ages(Science, Vol. 194. no. 4270, pp. 1121 - 1132, 10 December 1976)- J. D. Hays, John Imbrie, N. J. Shackleton
Variations of solar coronal hole area and terrestrial lower tropospheric air temperature from 1979 to mid-1998: astronomical forcings of change in earth's climate?(New Astronomy, Volume 4, Issue 8, Pages 563-579, January 2000)- W. Soon, S. Baliunas, E. S. Posmentier, P. Okeke
What do we really know about the Sun-climate connection?(Advances in Space Research, Volume 20, Issue 4-5, p. 913-921, 1997)- Eigil Friis-Christensen, Henrik Svensmark
Will We Face Global Warming in the Nearest Future?(Geomagnetism i Aeronomia, Vol. 43, pp. 124-127, 2003)- V. S. Bashkirtsev, G. P. MashnichSolar -

Cosmic Rays:
Solar variability influences on weather and climate: Possible connections through cosmic ray fluxes and storm intensification(Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 94, No. D12, p. 14783 - 14792, October 1989)- Brian A, Tinsley, Geoffrey M. Brown, Philip H. Scherrer
Hale-cycle effects in cosmic-ray intensity during the last four cycles(Astrophysics and Space Science, Volume 246, Number 1, March 1996)- H. Mavromichalaki, A. Belehaki, X. Rafios, I. Tsagouri
Variation of Cosmic Ray Flux and Global Cloud Coverage - a Missing Link in Solar-Climate Relationships(Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Vol. 59, No. 11, pp. 1225-1232, July 1997)- Henrik Svensmark, Eigil Friis-Christensen
Influence of Cosmic Rays on Earth's Climate(Physical Review Letters, Volume 81, Issue 22, pp. 5027-5030, November 30, 1998)- Henrik Svensmark-
Reply to comments on "Variation of cosmic ray flux and global cloud coverage - a missing link in solar-climate relationships"(Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Volume 62, Issue 1, p. 79-80, January 2000)- Henrik Svensmark, Eigil Friis-Christensen
Cosmic rays and Earth's climate(Space Science Reviews, v. 93, Issue 1/2, p. 175-185, July 2000)- Henrik Svensmark
Cosmic rays and climate - The influence of cosmic rays on terrestrial clouds and global warming(Astronomy & Geophysics, Volume 41 Issue 4 Page 4.18-4.22, August 2000)- E Pall� Bag�, C J Butler
Cosmic Rays, Clouds, and Climate(Space Science Reviews, v. 94, Issue 1/2, p. 215-230, November 2000)- Nigel Marsh, Henrik Svensmark
Low cloud properties influenced by cosmic rays(Physical Review Letters, Vol. 85, Issue 23, pp. 5004-5007, December 2000)- Nigel D Marsh, Henrik Svensmark
On the relationship of cosmic ray flux and precipitation(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 28, No. 8, pp. 1527�1530, 2001)- Dominic R. Kniveton and Martin C. Todd
Altitude variations of cosmic ray induced production of aerosols: Implications for global cloudiness and climate(Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 107, No. A7, pp. SIA 8-1, July 2002)- Fangqun Yu
The Spiral Structure of the Milky Way, Cosmic Rays, and Ice Age Epochs on Earth(New Astronomy, Volume 8, Issue 1, p. 39-77, January 2003)- Nir J. Shaviv
Galactic cosmic ray and El Ni�o�Southern Oscillation trends in International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project D2 low-cloud properties(Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 108, No. D6, pp. AAC 6-1, March 2003)- Nigel Marsh, Henrik Svensmark
The effects of galactic cosmic rays, modulated by solar terrestrial magnetic fields, on the climate(Russian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 6, No. 5, October 2004)- V. A. Dergachev, P. B. Dmitriev, O. M. Raspopov, B. Van Geel
Formation of large NAT particles and denitrification in polar stratosphere: possible role of cosmic rays and effect of solar activity(Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Volume 4, Issue 9/10, pp. 2273-2283, November 2004)- F. Yu
Long-term variations of the surface pressure in the North Atlantic and possible association with solar activity and galactic cosmic rays(Advances in Space Research, Volume 35, Issue 3, Pages 484-490, 2005)- S.V. Veretenenko, , V.A. Dergachev, P.B. Dmitriyev
Galactic Cosmic Rays and Insolation are the Main Drivers of Global Climate of the Earth(arXiv:hep-ph/0506208, June 2005)- V.D. Rusov, I.V. Radin, A.V. Glushkov, V.N. Vaschenko, V.N.Pavlovich, T.N. Zelentsova, O.T. Mihalys, V.A.Tarasov, A. Kolos
On climate response to changes in the cosmic ray flux and radiative budget(Journal of Geophysical Research, Volume 110, Issue A8, August 2005)- Nir J. Shaviv
Cosmic rays and the biosphere over 4 billion years(Astronomische Nachrichten, Vol. 327, Issue 9, Page 871, 2006)- Henrik Svensmark
The Antarctic climate anomaly and galactic cosmic rays(physics/0612145v1, December 2006)- Henrik Svensmark
Interstellar-Terrestrial Relations: Variable Cosmic Environments, The Dynamic Heliosphere, and Their Imprints on Terrestrial Archives and Climate(Space Science Reviews, Volume 127, Numbers 1-4, December 2006)- K. Scherer, H. Fichtner, T. Borrmann, J. Beer, L. Desorgher, E. Fl�kiger, H. Fahr, S. Ferreira, U. Langner, M. Potgieter, B. Heber, J. Masarik, N. Shaviv, J. Veizer
Empirical evidence for a nonlinear effect of galactic cosmic rays on clouds(Royal Society of London Proceedings Series A, Vol. 462, Issue 2068, p.1221-1233, April 2006)- R. Giles Harrison, David B. Stephenson
Cosmoclimatology: a new theory emerges(Astronomy & Geophysics, Volume 48 Issue 1, Page 1.18-1.24, February 2007)- Henrik Svensmark
Evidence for a physical linkage between galactic cosmic rays and regional climate time series(Journal Advances in Space Research, February 2007)- Charles A. Perrya
200-year variations in cosmic rays modulated by solar activity and their climatic response(Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics, Volume 71, Number 7, July 2007)- O. M. Raspopov, V. A. Dergachev
On the possible contribution of solar-cosmic factors to the global warming of XX century(Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics, Volume 71, Number 7, July 2007)- M. G. Ogurtsov
Cosmic rays and climate of the Earth: possible connection(Comptes Rendus Geosciences, December 2007)- Ilya G. Usoskina, Gennady A. Kovaltsovb
Galactic Cosmic Rays - Clouds Effect and Bifurcation Model of the Earth Global Climate. Part 1. Theory(arXiv:0803.2765, Mar 2008)-V. Rusov, A. Glushkov, V. Vaschenko, O. Mihalys, S. Kosenko, S. Mavrodiev, B. Vachev

Species Extinctions:
Dangers of crying wolf over risk of extinctions(Nature 428, 799, 22 April 2004)- Richard J. Ladle, Paul Jepson, Miguel B. Ara�jo & Robert J. Whittaker

Temperatures:
A test of corrections for extraneous signals in gridded surface temperature data(Climate Research, Vol. 26: 159-173, 2004)- Ross McKitrick, Patrick J. Michaels
Analysis of trends in the variability of daily and monthly historical temperature measurements(Climate Research, Vol. 10: 27-33, 1998)- Patrick J. Michaels, Robert C. Balling Jr, Russell S. Vose, Paul C. Knappenberger
Conflicting Signals of Climatic Change in the Upper Indus Basin(Journal of Climate, Volume 19, Issue 17, p. 4276�4293, September 2006)- H. J. Fowler, D. R. Archer
Disparity of tropospheric and surface temperature trends: New evidence(Geophysical Research Letters, VOL. 31, L13207, 2004)- David H. Douglass, Benjamin D. Pearson, S. Fred Singer, Paul C. Knappenberger, Patrick J. Michaels
Differential trends in tropical sea surface and atmospheric temperatures since 1979(Geophysical Research Letters, VOL. 28, NO. 1, PAGES 183�186, 2001)- Christy, J.R., D.E. Parker, S.J. Brown, I. Macadam, M. Stendel, W.B. Norris
Documentation of uncertainties and biases associated with surface temperature measurement sites for climate change assessment.(Amer. Meteor. Soc., 88:6, 913-928, 2007)- Pielke Sr., R.A. J. Nielsen-Gammon, C. Davey, J. Angel, O. Bliss, N. Doesken, M. Cai., S. Fall, D. Niyogi, K. Gallo, R. Hale, K.G. Hubbard, X. Lin, H. Li, S. Raman
Does a Global Temperature Exist?(Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics, June 2006)- Christopher Essex, Ross McKitrick, Bjarne Andresen
Estimation and representation of long-term (>40 year) trends of Northern-Hemisphere-gridded surface temperature: A note of caution(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 31, L03209, 2004)- Willie W.-H. Soon, David R. Legates, Sallie L. Baliunas
Multi-scale analysis of global temperature changes and trend of a drop in temperature in the next 20 years(Springer Wien, Volume 95, January, 2007)- Lin Zhen-Shan, Sun Xian
Nature of observed temperature changes across the United States during the 20th century(Climate Research, Vol. 17: 45�53, 2001)- Paul C. Knappenberger, Patrick J. Michaels, Robert E. Davis
Natural signals in the MSU lower tropospheric temperature record(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 27, No. 18, pp. 2905�2908, 2000)- Patrick J. Michaels, Paul C. Knappenberger
Observed warming in cold anticyclones(Climate Research, Vol. 14: 1�6, 2000)- Patrick J. Michaels, Paul C. Knappenberger, Robert C. Balling Jr, Robert E. Davis
Revised 21st century temperature projections(Climate Research, Vol. 23: 1�9, 2002)- Patrick J. Michaels, Paul C. Knappenberger, Oliver W. Frauenfeld, Robert E. Davis
Test for harmful collinearity among predictor variables used in modeling global temperature(Climate Research, Vol. 24: 15-18, 2003)- David H. Douglass, B. David Clader, John R. Christy, Patrick J. Michaels, David A. Belsley
Tropospheric temperature change since 1979 from tropical radiosonde and satellite measurements(Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 112, D06102, 2007)- John R. Christy, William B. Norris, Roy W. Spencer, Justin J. Hnilo
What may we conclude about global tropospheric temperature trends?(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 31, L06211, 2004)- Christy, J.R., W.B. Norris

posted February 24, 2011 10:24 PM            

New peer-reviewed paper in Science should end the global warming debate
Here is the link to the published paper in Science. (H/T Watts Up With That via ECM)

Excerpt from the press release:

CORVALLIS, Ore. � A team of researchers says it has largely put to rest a long debate on the underlying mechanism that has caused periodic ice ages on Earth for the past 2.5 million years � they are ultimately linked to slight shifts in solar radiation caused by predictable changes in Earth�s rotation and axis.

In a publication to be released Friday in the journal Science, researchers from Oregon State University and other institutions conclude that the known wobbles in Earth�s rotation caused global ice levels to reach their peak about 26,000 years ago, stabilize for 7,000 years and then begin melting 19,000 years ago, eventually bringing to an end the last ice age.

The melting was first caused by more solar radiation, not changes in carbon dioxide levels or ocean temperatures, as some scientists have suggested in recent years.

�Solar radiation was the trigger that started the ice melting, that�s now pretty certain,� said Peter Clark, a professor of geosciences at OSU. �There were also changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and ocean circulation, but those happened later and amplified a process that had already begun.�

That should be the end of global warming alarmism, but it won�t be, because this whole brouhaha isn�t about science. It�s about money and power. The power to control other people. The power to control the free market. So it doesn�t matter if solar radiation cycles cause global warming as a matter of fact, because facts don�t decide here.

Here�s a helpful quote from the neo-Darwinian George Gaylor Simpson that ECM sent me from Uncommon Descent:

The verdict of paleontologists is practically unanimous: almost all agree in opposing [Alfred Wegener's hypothesis that the continents used to be one land mass and have since drifted apart]� The fact that almost all paleontologists say that the paleontological data oppose the various theories of continental drift should, perhaps, obviate further discussion of this point � It must be almost unique in scientific history for a group of students admittedly without special competence in a given field thus to reject the all but unanimous verdict of those who do have such competence.

George Gaylord Simpson, �Mammals and the Nature of Continents�, American Journal of Science 241 (1943): 1-31, p. 2.

Yes, there was a time when the consensus of scientists was against the theory of continental drift. Something to keep in mind.

posted February 24, 2011 10:27 PM            

NASA was referenced in my first post: http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2009/01apr_deepsolarminimum/

April 1, 2009: The sunspot cycle is behaving a little like the stock market. Just when you think it has hit bottom, it goes even lower.

...

A 12-year low in solar "irradiance": Careful measurements by several NASA spacecraft show that the sun's brightness has dropped by 0.02% at visible wavelengths and 6% at extreme UV wavelengths since the solar minimum of 1996. The changes so far are not enough to reverse the course of global warming, but there are some other significant side-effects: Earth's upper atmosphere is heated less by the sun and it is therefore less "puffed up." Satellites in low Earth orbit experience less atmospheric drag, extending their operational lifetimes. Unfortunately, space junk also remains longer in Earth orbit, increasing hazards to spacecraft and satellites.

______________________________
I guess you can't use NASA to back up your claim.

Mars is warming? Who said this?

There are a few basic points about the climate on Mars that are worth reviewing:

* Planets do not orbit the sun in perfect circles, sometimes they are slightly closer to the sun, sometimes further away. This is called orbital eccentricity and it contributes far greater changes to Martian climate than to that of the Earth because variations in Mars' orbit are five times greater than the Earth.
* Mars has no oceans and only a very thin atmosphere, which means there is very little thermal inertia � the climate is much more susceptible to change caused by external influences.
* The whole planet is subject to massive dust storms, and these have many causal effects on the planet�s climate, very little of which we understand yet.
* We have virtually no historical data about the climate of Mars prior to the 1970s, except for drawings (and latterly, photographs) that reveal changes in gross surface features (i.e. features that can be seen from Earth through telescopes). It is not possible to tell if current observations reveal frequent or infrequent events, trends or outliers. http://www.skepticalscience.com/Dust-Up-On-Mars-Should-Martians-Be-Sceptical-of-Global-Warming.html

I like this particularly hilarious response:

SoundOff at 14:12 PM on 21 August, 2010
It is ironic people rush to claim that a polar cap melting on Mars is a sure sign of global warming there, while they are not persuaded by the same here on Earth.

posted February 24, 2011 11:37 PM            

quote:

---

I already did with good reason. Have you provided a single scientific paper from this list? Yeah, I didn't think so. A rational person would question their own sources, right? They'd vet them in some way, right?....acoustic

---

What twaddle acoustic. You're embarrassing yourself.

Where's your list of 31,000 US scientists..with peer reviewed...and accepted research papers...who sign on to the religion of man made global warming?

For that matter, where's your list of 9,000 scientists with Ph.Ds and peer reviewed and accepted research papers..who sign on to the religion of man made global warming?

Still ducking, bobbing, weaving and evading the obvious, aren't you acoustic?

In the meantime...and just to blow your nonsense out of the water...here's a peer reviewed and published research paper by S. Fred Singer and 2 other real scientists in the climate field.

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 31, L13208, doi:10.1029/2004GL020103, 2004

Altitude dependence of atmospheric temperature trends: Climate

models versus observation

David H. Douglass,1 Benjamin D. Pearson,1 and S. Fred Singer 2,3

Received 29 March 2004; revised 27 May 2004; accepted 16 June 2004; published 9 July 2004.
http://www.pas.rochester.edu/~douglass/papers/2004GL020103_altitude.pdf

posted February 25, 2011 03:03 AM            

I believe that nature and man both are responsible for global warming but lean more towards Man as the greatest factor over its rapid increase!

posted February 25, 2011 03:09 AM            

Im not bothered about majority or minority factors concerning this..because i smell some kind of a political scandal.Minority had a reasonable justification for their actions because they are fighting for something larger � to save the world.

EcoAmerica Poll: Climate skeptics are the majority, not the minority
Only 18 percent of survey respondents strongly believe that climate change is real, human-caused and harmful.

The majority of the British public is still not convinced that climate change is caused by humans � and many others believe scientists are exaggerating the problem�

The Nature Conservancy story citing 18 percent, is citing the American Climate Values Survey (ACVS), conducted by the consulting group EcoAmerica It also found that political party affiliation is the single largest indicator as to whether people see climate change as a threat.

posted February 25, 2011 04:39 AM            

Political correctness and science

Among scientists, "correctness" (of procedures, results, or scientific claims) derives from the factual truth of the matter or the soundness of the reasoning by which it can be deduced from observations and first principals. When publication, teaching, and public funding of science is decided by peer committees, academic standards, and elected or appointed boards, the allegation can arise that a work's acceptability has been assessed "politically". Professor J. I. Katz applies the term PC to censure characterized by emotional, rather than rational discourse.[38]

Groups opposing certain, generally widely accepted, scientific views on evolution, global warming, passive smoking, AIDS, and other politically contentious scientific matters argue that PC is responsible for the failure of their perspectives to receive a fair public hearing; thus, in Lamarck�s Signature: How Retrogenes are Changing Darwin�s Natural Selection Paradigm, Assoc. Prof. Edward J. Steele says: �We now stand on the threshold of what could be an exciting new era of genetic research. . . . However, the �politically correct� thought agendas of the neo-Darwinists of the 1990s are ideologically opposed to the idea of �Lamarckian Feedback�, just as the Church was opposed to the idea of evolution based on natural selection in the 1850s!� [39]

posted February 25, 2011 05:22 AM            

'Evidence For Human-caused Global Warming Is Now 'Unequivocal'

"Skeptic Argument" vs
What the Science really Says.

1 "It's the sun"-
science-In the last 35 years of global warming, sun and climate have been going in opposite directions

2 "Climate's changed before"
science-Climate reacts to whatever forces it to change at the time; humans are now the dominant forcing.

3 "There is no consensus"
science-97% of climate experts agree humans are causing global warming.

4 "It's cooling"
science-The last decade 2000-2009 was the hottest on record.

5 "Models are unreliable"
science-Models successfully reproduce temperatures since 1900 globally, by land, in the air and the ocean.

6 "Temp record is unreliable"
science- The warming trend is the same in rural and urban areas, measured by thermometers and satellites.

7 "It hasn't warmed since 1998"
science- For global records, 2010 is the hottest year on record, tied with 2005.

8 "Ice age predicted in the 70s"
The vast majority of climate papers in the 1970s predicted warming.

9 "Antarctica is gaining ice"
Satellites measure Antarctica losing land ice at an accelerating rate.

10 "CO2 lags temperature"
CO2 didn't initiate warming from past ice ages but it did amplify the warming.

11 "We're heading into an ice age"
Worry about global warming impacts in the next 100 years, not an ice age in over 10,000 years.

12 "It's not bad"
Negative impacts of global warming on agriculture, health & environment far outweigh any positives.

13 "Al Gore got it wrong"
Al Gore book is quite accurate, and far more accurate than contrarian books.

14 "1934 - hottest year on record"
1934 was one of the hottest years in the US, not globally.

15 "It's freaking cold!"
A local cold day has nothing to do with the long-term trend of increasing global temperatures.

16 "It's cosmic rays"
Cosmic rays show no trend over the last 30 years & have had little impact on recent global warming.

17 "Hockey stick is broken"
Recent studies agree that recent global temperatures are unprecedented in the last 1000 years.

18 "Hurricanes aren't linked to global warming"
There is increasing evidence that hurricanes are getting stronger due to global warming.

19 "Climategate CRU emails suggest conspiracy"
Several investigations have cleared scientists of any wrongdoing in the media-hyped email incident.

20 "Sea level rise is exaggerated"
A variety of different measurements find steadily rising sea levels over the past century.

21 "Arctic icemelt is a natural cycle" Thick arctic sea ice is undergoing a rapid retreat.

22 "It's Urban Heat Island effect"
Urban and rural regions show the same warming trend.

23 "Mars is warming"
Mars is not warming globally.

24 "Climate sensitivity is low"
Net positive feedback is confirmed by many different lines of evidence.

25 "It's a 1500 year cycle"
Ancient natural cycles are irrelevant for attributing recent global warming to humans.

26 "Human CO2 is a tiny % of CO2 emissions" The natural cycle adds and removes CO2 to keep a balance; humans add extra CO2 without removing any.

27 "Water vapor is the most powerful greenhouse gas"
Rising CO2 increases atmospheric water vapor, which makes global warming much worse.

28 "CO2 effect is weak"
The strong CO2 effect has been observed by many different measurements.

29 "Oceans are cooling"
The most recent ocean measurements show consistent warming.

30 "Extreme weather isn't caused by global warming"
Extreme weather events are being made more frequent and worse by global warming.

31 "Greenland was green"
Other parts of the earth got colder when Greenland got warmer.

32 "Other planets are warming"
Mars and Jupiter are not warming, and anyway the sun has recently been cooling slightly.

33 "There's no empirical evidence"
There are multiple lines of direct observations that humans are causing global warming.

34 "IPCC is alarmist"
The IPCC summarizes the recent research by leading scientific experts.

35 "Glaciers are growing"
Most glaciers are retreating, posing a serious problem for millions who rely on glaciers for water.

36 "It cooled mid-century"
Mid-century cooling involved aerosols and is irrelevant for recent global warming.

37 "We're coming out of the Little Ice Age" The sun was warming up then, but the sun hasn�t been warming since 1970.

38 "Greenland is gaining ice"
Greenland on the whole is losing ice, as confirmed by satellite measurement.

39 "Polar bear numbers are increasing" Polar bears are in danger of extinction as well as many other species.

40 "It warmed before 1940 when CO2 was low" Early 20th century warming is due to several causes, including rising CO2.

41 "There's no correlation between CO2 and temperature"
There is long-term correlation between CO2 and global temperature; other effects are short-term.

42 "Satellites show no warming in the troposphere"
The most recent satellite data show that the earth as a whole is warming.

43 "Animals and plants can adapt to global warming"
Global warming will cause mass extinctions of species that cannot adapt on short time scales.

44 "CO2 is not a pollutant"
Excess CO2 emissions will lead to hotter conditions that will stress and even kill crops.

45 "Medieval Warm Period was warmer" Globally averaged temperature now is higher than global temperature in medieval times.
46 "CO2 was higher in the past" When CO2 was higher in the past, the sun was cooler.

47 "CO2 limits will harm the economy" Various economic estimates find the net economic impact of a price on carbon will be minor.

48 "Mt. Kilimanjaro's ice loss is due to land use"
Most glaciers are in rapid retreat worldwide, notwithstanding a few complicated cases.

49 "Ocean acidification isn't serious"
Past history shows that when CO2 rises quickly, there was mass extinctions of coral reefs.

50 "There's no tropospheric hot spot"
We see a clear "short-term hot spot" - there's various evidence for a "long-term hot spot".

51 "Arctic sea ice has recovered"
Thick arctic sea ice is in rapid retreat.

52 "2009-2010 winter saw record cold spells"
A cold day in Chicago in winter has nothing to do with the trend of global warming.

53 "Scientists can't even predict weather" Weather and climate are different; climate predictions do not need weather detail.

54 "It's the ocean"
The oceans are warming and moreover are becoming more acidic, threatening the food chain.

55 "2nd law of thermodynamics contradicts greenhouse theory"
The 2nd law of thermodynamics is consistent with the greenhouse effect which is directly observed.

56 "CO2 effect is saturated"
Direct measurements find that rising CO2 is trapping more heat.

57 "It's El Ni�o"
El Nino has no trend and so is not responsible for the trend of global warming.

58 "It's Pacific Decadal Oscillation"
The PDO shows no trend, and therefore the PDO is not responsible for the trend of global warming.

59 "Neptune is warming"
And the sun is cooling.

60 "Greenland ice sheet won't collapse" When Greenland was 3 to 5 degrees C warmer than today, a large portion of the Ice Sheet melted.

61 "Volcanoes emit more CO2 than humans" Humans emit 100 times more CO2 than volcanoes.

62 "Jupiter is warming"
Jupiter is not warming, and anyway the sun is cooling.

63 "Sea level rise predictions are exaggerated"
Sea level rise is now increasing faster than predicted due to unexpectedly rapid ice melting.

64 "Pluto is warming"
And the sun has been recently cooling.

65 "CO2 measurements are suspect"
CO2 levels are measured by hundreds of stations across the globe, all reporting the same trend.

66 "It's not happening"
Recent global warming is occurring and is due to humans.

67 "Solar Cycle Length proves its the sun" The sun has not warmed since 1970 and so cannot be driving global warming.

68 "It's a natural cycle"
No known natural forcing fits the fingerprints of observed warming except anthropogenic greenhouse gases.

69 "IPCC were wrong about Himalayan glaciers"
Glaciers are in rapid retreat worldwide, despite 1 error in 1 paragraph in a 1000 page IPCC report.

70 "It's aerosols"
Aerosols have been masking global warming, which would be worse otherwise.

71 "CO2 has a short residence time"
Excess CO2 from human emissions has a long residence time of over 100 years

72 "It's not us"
Multiple sets of independent observations find a human fingerprint on climate change.

73 "500 scientists refute the consensus" Around 97% of climate experts agree that humans are causing global warming.

74 "IPCC overestimate temperature rise" Monckton used the IPCC equation in an inappropriate manner.

75 "It's microsite influences"
Microsite influences on temperature changes are minimal; good and bad sites show the same trend.

76 "Dropped stations introduce warming bias"
If the dropped stations had been kept, the temperature would actually be slightly higher.

77 "Lindzen and Choi find low climate sensitivity"
Lindzen and Choi�s paper is viewed as unacceptably flawed by other climate scientists.

78 "Greenhouse effect has been falsified" The greenhouse effect is standard physics and confirmed by observations.

79 "Humans are too insignificant to affect global climate"
Humans are small but powerful, and human CO2 emissions are causing global warming.

80 "Mike's Nature trick to 'hide the decline'"
Phil Jones was quoted out of context, and nothing was hidden.

81 "Less than half of published scientists endorse global warming" Around 97% of climate experts agree th
at humans are causing global warming.
82 "Phil Jones says no global warming since 1995" Phil Jones was misquoted.

83 "It's a climate regime shift"
here is no evidence that climate has chaotic �regimes� on a long-term basis.

84 "The science isn't settled"
That human CO2 is causing global warming is known with high certainty & confirmed by observations.

85 "Hansen's 1988 prediction was wrong"
Jim Hansen had several possible scenarios; his mid-level scenario B was right.

86 "It's land use"
Land use plays a minor role in climate change, although carbon sequestration may help to mitigate.

87 "Humidity is falling"
Multiple lines of independent evidence indicate humidity is rising and provides positive feedback.

88 "Corals are resilient to bleaching" Globally about 1% of coral is dying out each year.

89 "It's methane"
Methane plays a minor role in global warming but could get much worse if permafrost starts to melt.

90 "Record snowfall disproves global warming"
Warming leads to increased evaporation and precipitation, which falls as increased snow in winter.

91 "Peer review process was corrupted"
An Independent Review concluded that CRU's actions were normal and didn't threaten the integrity of peer review.

92 "Global warming stopped in 1998, 1995, 2002, 2007, 2010, ????"
But global temperatures rose sharply in 2009, to the second hottest level.

93 "Freedom of Information (FOI) requests were ignored"
An independent inquiry found CRU is a small research unit with limited resources and their rigour and honesty are not in doubt.

94 "Ice isn't melting"
Ice is melting at an accelerating rate at both poles and in glaciers all over the world.

95 "CO2 is not increasing"
CO2 is increasing rapidly, and is reaching levels not seen on the earth for millions of years.

96 "Naomi Oreskes'
study on consensus was flawed" Benny Peiser, the Oreskes critic, retracted his criticism.

97 "CO2 is coming from the ocean"
The ocean is absorbing massive amounts of CO2, and is becoming more acidic as a result.

98 "Springs aren't advancing"
Hundreds of flowers across the UK are flowering earlier now than any time in 250 years.

99 "They changed the name from global warming to climate change"
'Global warming' and 'climate change' mean different things and have both been used for decades.

100 "Over 31,000 scientists signed the OISM Petition Project"
The 'OISM petition' was signed by only a few climatologists.

101 "It's global brightening"
This is a complex aerosol effect with unclear temperature significance.

102 "Earth hasn't warmed as much as expected"
This argument ignores the cooling effect of aerosols and the planet's thermal inertia.

103 "Ice Sheet losses are overestimated"
A number of independent measurements find extensive ice loss from Antarctica and Greenland.

104 "It's albedo"
Albedo change in the Arctic, due to receding ice, is increasing global warming.

105 "CO2 is not the only driver of climate" CO2 is the main driver of climate change.

106 "Arctic sea ice loss is matched by Antarctic sea ice gain" Arctic sea ice loss is three times greater than Antarctic sea ice gain.

107 "Trenberth can't account for the lack of warming"
Trenberth is talking about the details of energy flow, not whether global warming is happening.

108 "IPCC were wrong about Amazon rainforests"
The IPCC statement on Amazon rainforests was correct, and was incorrectly reported in some media.
109 "It's too hard" Scientific studies have determined that current technology is sufficient to reduce greenhouse gas emissions enough to avoid dangerous climate change.

110 "Solar cycles cause global warming" Over recent decades, the sun has been slightly cooling & is irrelevant to recent global warming.

111 "The IPCC consensus is phoney" Ironically, it's those who are mispresenting Hulme's paper that are the ones being misleading.

112 "Most of the last 10,000 years were warmer"
This argument uses regional temperature data that ends in 1855, long before modern global warming began.

113 "Tree-rings diverge from temperature after 1960"
This is a detail that is complex, local, and irrelevant to the observed global warming trend.

114 "Climate is chaotic and cannot be predicted"
Weather is chaotic but climate is driven by Earth's energy imbalance, which is more predictable.

115 "The sun is getting hotter"
The sun has just had the deepest solar minimum in 100 years.

116 "A drop in volcanic activity caused warming"
Volcanoes have had no warming effect in recent global warming - if anything, a cooling effect.

117 "Mauna Loa is a volcano"
The global trend is calculated from hundreds of CO2 measuring stations and confirmed by satellites.

118 "It's waste heat"
Greenhouse warming is adding 100 times more heat to the climate than waste heat.

119 "Breathing contributes to CO2 buildup" By breathing out, we are simply returning to the air the same CO2 that was there to begin with.

120 "It warmed just as fast in 1860-1880 and 1910-1940"
The warming trend over 1970 to 2001 is greater than warming from both 1860 to 1880 and 1910 to 1940.

121 "Water levels correlate with sunspots" This detail is irrelevant to the observation of global warming caused by humans.

122 "CO2 emissions do not correlate with CO2 concentration"
That humans are causing the rise in atmosph
eric CO2 is confirmed by multiple isotopic analyses.

123 "Renewables can't provide baseload power"
A combination of different renewables can provide long-term baseload.

124 "Water vapor in the stratosphere
stopped global warming" This possibility just means that future global warming could be even worse.

125 "CO2 was higher in the late Ordovician" The sun was much cooler during the Ordovician.

126 "Southern sea ice is increasing" Antarctic sea ice has grown in recent decades despite the Southern Ocean warming at the same time.

127 "Warming causes CO2 rise"
Recent warming is due to rising CO2.

128 "Record high snow cover was set in winter 2008/2009"
Winter snow cover in 2008/2009 was average while the long-term trend in spring, summer, and annual snow cover is rapid decline.

129 "It's ozone"
Ozone has only a small effect.

130 "Scientists retracted claim that sea levels are rising"
The Siddall 2009 paper was retracted because its predicted sea level rise was too low.

131 "Antarctica is too cold to lose ice" Glaciers are sliding faster into the ocean because ice shelves are thinning due to warming oceans.

132 "DMI show cooling Arctic"
While summer maximums have showed little trend, the annual average Arctic temperature has risen sharply in recent decades.

133 "An exponential increase in CO2 will result in a linear increase in temperature" CO2 levels are rising so fast that unless we decrease emissions, global warming will accelerate this century.

134 "It's CFCs"
CFCs contribute at a small level.

135 "Melting ice isn't warming the Arctic" Melting ice leads to more sunlight being absorbed by water, thus heating the Arctic.

136 "Greenland has only lost a tiny fraction of its ice mass"
Greenland's ice loss is accelerating & will add metres of sea level rise in upcoming centuries.

137 "Positive feedback means runaway warming"
Positive feedback won't lead to runaway warming; diminishing returns on feedback cycles limit the amplification.

138 "Satellite error inflated Great Lakes
temperatures"
Temperature errors in the Great Lakes region are not used in any global temperature records.

139 "CRU tampered with temperature data"
An independent inquiry went back to primary data sources and were able to replicate CRU's results.

140 "It's satellite microwave transmissions"
Satellite transmissions are extremely small and irrelevant.

141 "Royal Society embraces skepticism"
The Royal Society still strongly state that human activity is the dominant cause of global warming.

142 "It's only a few degrees"
A few degrees of global warming has a huge impact on ice sheets, sea levels and other aspects of climate.

143 "Skeptics were kept out of the IPCC?" Official records, Editors and emails suggest CRU scientists acted in the spirit if not the letter of IPCC rules.

144 "Clouds provide negative feedback" Evidence is building that net cloud feedback is likely positive and unlikely to be strongly negative.

145 "Soares finds lack of correlation between CO2 and temperature"
Soares looks at short-term trends which are swamped by natural variations while ignoring the long-term correlation.

146 "We didn't have global warming during the Industrial Revolution"
CO2 emissions were much smaller 100 years ago.

147 "CO2 only causes 35% of global warming" On top of CO2 warming, other pollutants such as methane and black carbon cause additional warming 65% as much as CO2.

148 "We're heading into cooling"
There is no scientific basis for claims that the planet will begin to cool in the near future.

I DONT THINK THE SKEPTICS NEED MORE PROOF THAN THIS!

FOR MORE ELABORATE ANSWERS BACKED BY SOLID RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ON WHAT SCIENCE SAYS ABOUT GLOBAL WARMING...

REFER
http://www.skepticalscience.com/argument.php

posted February 25, 2011 05:42 AM            

quote:

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Originally posted by Randall:
You asked for scientists, AG. That is what I'm giving you. Your response above just proves that you are not after the truth, and you are indeed close-minded. Keep reading this string; you might learn something (although I doubt it).

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Randall the truth is all out there!

"The most dangerous untruths are truths moderately distorted."

posted February 25, 2011 08:59 AM            

quote:

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...The partisen divide is most interesting and demonstrates what happens when political activists try to use to science as a club to silence critics who might agree that there is a potential issue but disagree on the appropriate economic and/or political response.

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The crux of the biscuit!

The political club is well [pun intended] financed by the fossil fuel industry.

Every time a big snowstorm hits out come the deniers crowing: snow! snow! where is the global warming??

Intentionally forgetting the differences between climate and weather?

This political fight has been a successful delay tactic used for years to stop the Green Movement.
This very forum has seen year after year of the same boring fight. With the same attitudes.

I have said it before and I will say it again. Most people made up their minds years ago what they believe and do not believe about the changes to our climate.
Little, perhaps nothing will change their minds!!!

The fight has gone on for so long--Now we have books written that micromanage the inaction down to a new subgroup
the Nondenier Deniers.

We even have European polluters helping to finance the fight in the American Senate.

quote:

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The companies examined in the report include Belgium's Solvay; Britain's BP; France's Lafarge and GDF Suez; Germany's Bayer, BASF and E.ON; and Luxembourg's Arcelor-Mittal. Their support for Senators blocking climate action amounts to $240,200 -- almost 80 percent of the companies' total spending in this year's Senate race.

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The status quo is much more profitable in the short term-- than the alternative technologies-- that will not be nearly as profitable for years to come.